metabolic control is especially important for women with gestational diabetes to ensure the infant does not develop

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. Metabolic control is especially important for women with gestational diabetes to ensure the infant does not develop:

A. microsomia
B. macrosomia
C. type 1 diabetes
D. type 2 diabetes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Metabolic control is crucial for women with gestational diabetes to prevent the development of macrosomia, which is characterized by an abnormally large baby. This condition poses risks such as birth injuries and necessitates careful management of blood sugar levels. Microsomia is not a known term related to this context. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are not conditions the infant would develop as a result of gestational diabetes in the mother.

2. Clients with type 2 diabetes are most likely to achieve metabolic control if they:

A. lose weight
B. use self-monitoring of blood glucose
C. eliminate all dietary sugars
D. eat three regular meals daily

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Weight loss improves insulin sensitivity and glycemic control, making it a key strategy in managing type 2 diabetes.

3. Which food should the nurse recommend for a client deficient in vitamin A?

A. Orange slices
B. Steamed carrots
C. Apple sauce
D. Baked potato

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, steamed carrots, as they are high in vitamin A. Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, which is essential for good vision, a healthy immune system, and cell growth. Oranges (choice A) are a good source of vitamin C but not vitamin A. Apple sauce (choice C) and baked potato (choice D) do not provide significant amounts of vitamin A compared to steamed carrots, making them less suitable recommendations for a client deficient in this specific nutrient.

4. Does the reduction in oxidative damage that occurs with energy restriction in animals also occur in people whose diets include _____?

A. fiber and carbohydrates
B. fatty acids and protein
C. probiotics
D. antioxidants and phytochemicals

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'antioxidants and phytochemicals'. Antioxidants and phytochemicals help reduce oxidative damage in the body, contributing to healthy aging and a lower risk of chronic diseases. This is the same effect observed in animals when their energy intake is restricted. The other choices are incorrect as there is no direct evidence connecting reduced oxidative damage with diets high in fiber and carbohydrates, fatty acids and protein, or probiotics.