ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. What is the digestive action of lipase?
- A. It breaks down carbohydrates
- B. It breaks down proteins
- C. It breaks down lipids
- D. It aids in fat digestion
Correct answer: C: It breaks down lipids
Rationale: Lipase is an enzyme that specifically breaks down lipids (fats) during the process of digestion, converting them into fatty acids and glycerol. This is why option C is the correct answer. Although option D is partially correct, it's less specific than option C. Lipase does not break down carbohydrates or proteins, so options A and B are incorrect.
2. Does the reduction in oxidative damage that occurs with energy restriction in animals also occur in people whose diets include _____?
- A. fiber and carbohydrates
- B. fatty acids and protein
- C. probiotics
- D. antioxidants and phytochemicals
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'antioxidants and phytochemicals'. Antioxidants and phytochemicals help reduce oxidative damage in the body, contributing to healthy aging and a lower risk of chronic diseases. This is the same effect observed in animals when their energy intake is restricted. The other choices are incorrect as there is no direct evidence connecting reduced oxidative damage with diets high in fiber and carbohydrates, fatty acids and protein, or probiotics.
3. Which food is a reliable source of B12 for a pregnant vegan client?
- A. Soybeans
- B. Algae
- C. Fortified soy milk
- D. Sea vegetables
Correct answer: C: Fortified soy milk
Rationale: Fortified soy milk is a reliable source of vitamin B12 for pregnant vegan clients as it is usually enriched with this vitamin. The other options, while nutritious, are not reliable sources of B12 for vegans. Soybeans may not provide enough B12, algae contains B12 analogs that the human body cannot utilize, and the B12 content in sea vegetables can fluctuate, potentially not providing the necessary daily intake.
4. Does the hypothalamus control the feeling of hunger and satiety, and are fats the best nutrient in creating the feeling of satiety?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Yes, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating hunger and satiety. Fats are indeed known to be highly satiating nutrients, helping to create a feeling of fullness and satisfaction after a meal. Therefore, both statements are true. Choice B is incorrect because fats are indeed effective in promoting satiety.
5. Match protease with its digestive action:
- A. breaks down carbs
- B. breaks down proteins
- C. breaks down lipids
- D. helps fat digestion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids.