ATI RN
Human Growth and Development Exam Questions
1. Liz is 36 weeks pregnant. A rise in her baby's heart rate is probably followed within five seconds by __________.
- A. a burst of motor activity
- B. a period of sleep
- C. a rise in Liz's heart rate
- D. a drop in Liz's body temperature
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A rise in the baby's heart rate during pregnancy is usually followed within five seconds by a burst of motor activity. This indicates that the baby is responding to stimuli and is an important sign of healthy fetal development. A period of sleep, a rise in Liz's heart rate, or a drop in Liz's body temperature are not typically immediate responses to changes in the baby's heart rate. Sleep is less likely to be a direct response to changes in heart rate, Liz's heart rate is independent of the baby's heart rate changes, and a drop in Liz's body temperature is not a common immediate response to fetal heart rate changes.
2. In the last weeks of pregnancy, __________.
- A. the fetus usually loses weight
- B. most fetuses assume an upside-down position
- C. fetal growth increases dramatically
- D. the fetus relies on its own well-developed immune system
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the last weeks of pregnancy, most fetuses assume an upside-down position known as the head-down position or vertex presentation. This position is ideal for a smoother labor and delivery process as it helps the baby move through the birth canal. Fetal growth has already slowed down at this stage, so option C is incorrect. Option A is inaccurate as the fetus typically gains weight in the final weeks. Option D is incorrect because the fetus relies on the mother's immune system while in the womb.
3. The information-processing approach views the human mind as a __________.
- A. socially mediated process
- B. collection of stimuli and responses
- C. system of genetically programmed behaviors
- D. symbol-manipulating system through which information flows
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The information-processing approach views the human mind as a symbol-manipulating system through which information flows. This perspective emphasizes how information is received, processed, stored, and retrieved in the mind, similar to how a computer processes data through symbols and operations. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the fundamental principles of the information-processing approach, which focuses on the mind's symbolic manipulation of information rather than being a socially mediated process, a collection of stimuli and responses, or a system of genetically programmed behaviors.
4. Striving for continuity is essential for attaining Erikson's sense of __________, which depends on preserving a sense of personal history.
- A. intimacy
- B. ego identity
- C. ego integrity
- D. initiative
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'ego integrity.' Erikson's concept of ego integrity involves reflecting on life with a sense of satisfaction, which requires continuity in personal history. This sense of integrity is developed in late adulthood and is characterized by a feeling of wholeness and fulfillment. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Intimacy (choice A) relates to forming close relationships, ego identity (choice B) pertains to a stable sense of self, and initiative (choice D) is about being proactive and exploring the environment, which are not directly associated with preserving personal history for a sense of satisfaction in later life.
5. Which statement about a blastocyst is true?
- A. It consists of a single cell.
- B. It is a structure that feeds the developing organism.
- C. Between the seventh and ninth days, it burrows deep into the uterine lining.
- D. It is a membrane that helps to keep the temperature of the prenatal world constant.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The statement that is true about a blastocyst is that between the seventh and ninth days, it burrows deep into the uterine lining. This process, known as implantation, is essential for the blastocyst to establish a connection with the mother's body and receive nutrients for further development. It is a critical stage in prenatal development and sets the foundation for pregnancy. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. A blastocyst is not a single cell but rather a structure composed of many cells. It is not a structure that feeds the developing organism; instead, it implants in the uterine lining to receive nutrients. It is not a membrane that regulates temperature but plays a crucial role in the initial stages of pregnancy by implanting in the uterus.
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