ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. Larry, 55 years old, who is suspected of having colorectal cancer, is admitted to the CI. After taking the history and vital signs the physician does which test as a screening test for colorectal cancer.
- A. Barium enema
- B. Carcinoembryonic antigen
- C. Annual digital rectal examination
- D. Proctosigmoidoscopy
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
2. Each statement accurately describes the physical effects of food on periodontal health, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by frequent consumption of monosaccharides
- B. Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by frequent consumption of disaccharides
- C. Poor nutrition has an adverse effect on the periodontium
- D. Chewing soft, spongy foods stimulates salivary flow
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chewing soft, spongy foods does not stimulate salivary flow; rather, firm, fibrous foods like fruits and vegetables do. Soft foods can stick to teeth, promoting plaque buildup. Choices A, B, and C are accurate: Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by both monosaccharides and disaccharides, while poor nutrition can indeed have adverse effects on the periodontium.
3. What is the movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration called?
- A. Hypodipsia
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Osmosis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Osmosis. Osmosis is the process where water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. This movement equalizes the solute concentration in intracellular and extracellular fluids. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not describe the movement of water based on solute concentration levels.
4. Proteolytic enzymes are most likely to break down which food type?
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Proteins
- C. Fats
- D. Lipids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Proteolytic enzymes target proteins for breakdown into amino acids. Carbohydrates are broken down by enzymes like amylase, while fats are broken down by lipase. Lipids, which include fats, are not specifically targeted by proteolytic enzymes.
5. What information should a working mother who wants to continue breastfeeding her infant by occasionally pumping milk ahead of time be given to help her successfully maintain breastfeeding?
- A. Breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days
- B. Breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months
- C. Heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality
- D. Breast milk can be expressed either by hand or with an electric pump
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This information is crucial as it informs the mother of her options for expressing milk, which is the first step in being able to store and later feed it to her child while she's away at work. Choice A has been corrected to state that breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days, providing a more accurate storage timeframe. Choice B has been revised to indicate that breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months, aligning with the recommended storage duration. Choice C now highlights that heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality, emphasizing the importance of using proper methods for warming breast milk and avoiding potential harm to the baby's health and well-being.