Nursing Elites

1. Each is a portion of the alimentary canal, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Oral cavity
• B. Pharynx
• C. Larynx
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Larynx. The larynx is part of the respiratory system, responsible for voice production and breathing. The alimentary canal is involved in the digestive process and includes structures like the oral cavity (mouth), pharynx, and esophagus. Choices A, B, and D are parts of the alimentary canal, where digestion occurs, making them incorrect answers.

2. Which vitamin is crucial for collagen synthesis and wound healing?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin E
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is crucial for collagen synthesis, a process important for wound healing. Collagen is a key protein that helps in wound repair and tissue strength. Vitamin D is primarily known for its role in calcium absorption and bone health, not directly related to collagen synthesis. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage but is not directly involved in collagen synthesis. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting but does not play a major role in collagen synthesis for wound healing.

3. You will do nasopharyngeal suctioning on Mr. Abad. Your guide for the length of insertion of the tubing for an adult would be:

• A. tip of the nose to the base of the neck
• B. the distance from the tip of the nose to the middle of the neck
• C. the distance from the tip of the nose to the tip of the ear lobe
• D. eight to ten inches

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. During which stage of life is it most critical to build bone mass to prevent osteoporosis?

• A. Infancy
• B. Early childhood
• C. Adolescence
• D. Young adulthood

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Adolescence is the most critical stage for building bone mass, which plays a significant role in preventing osteoporosis in later life. During adolescence, approximately 45% of adult bone mass is formed. Although bone mass can be built during infancy, early childhood, and young adulthood, it is not as significant as during adolescence, making choices A, B, and D incorrect. Therefore, focusing on adequate nutrition and physical activity during adolescence is vital for long-term bone health.

5. Which types of diabetes are characterized by the body's cells becoming resistant to insulin? (Select all that apply)

• A. Gestational diabetes
• B. Type II diabetes
• C. Type I diabetes
• D. Both A and B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In both gestational diabetes and Type II diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Insulin resistance in these types of diabetes prevents glucose from entering the cells, causing it to accumulate in the bloodstream. On the other hand, Type I diabetes is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin because the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Therefore, the correct answer is both A and B. Choice C, Type I diabetes, is not characterized by insulin resistance but rather by the body's inability to produce insulin. Therefore, it is incorrect. Choice D, Both A and B, includes the correct options of gestational diabetes and Type II diabetes, making it the correct answer.

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