ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children
1. Why is knowledge of developmental theories useful for the nurse?
- A. Allows the nurse to know exactly what to do when caring for pediatric patients
- B. Is predictable and aids in controlling the child’s development
- C. Is a set of facts that each child follows in a prescribed method
- D. Provides a framework to guide the nurse in caring for the patient
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Understanding developmental theories helps nurses anticipate and plan appropriate care based on the child’s developmental stage. Choice A is incorrect because developmental theories provide a framework but do not dictate exact actions. Choice B is incorrect as developmental processes are not entirely predictable and are not meant to control a child’s development. Choice C is incorrect as developmental theories are not a strict set of facts that all children follow in a prescribed manner, but rather guidelines for understanding and supporting a child's growth and development.
2. A patient has been diagnosed with a fungal infection and is to be treated with itraconazole (Sporanox). Prior to administration, the nurse notes that the patient is taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) for a seizure disorder. Based on this medication regime, which of the following will be true regarding the medications?
- A. The serum level of carbamazepine will be increased.
- B. The patient's carbamazepine should be discontinued.
- C. The patient's antiseizure medication should be changed.
- D. The patient will require a higher dosage of itraconazole (Sporanox).
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When itraconazole is administered with carbamazepine, itraconazole may increase the serum levels of carbamazepine, potentially leading to toxicity. Therefore, choice A is correct. Discontinuing carbamazepine (choice B) or changing the antiseizure medication (choice C) is not necessary unless advised by a healthcare provider. Choice D, requiring a higher dosage of itraconazole, is not accurate in this scenario.
3. A healthcare professional is assessing a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Which of the following findings should the professional expect? Select one that does not apply.
- A. Recurrent, intrusive thoughts
- B. Compulsive behaviors
- C. Delusions of grandeur
- D. Avoidance of situations that trigger obsessions
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions), compulsive behaviors, and avoidance of situations that trigger obsessions. Delusions of grandeur, which involve inflated beliefs about one's own importance or abilities, are not typically associated with OCD. Therefore, the presence of delusions of grandeur would not be an expected finding in a client with OCD. Choices A, B, and D are all typical features of OCD and would be expected findings during the assessment of a client with this disorder.
4. How should a healthcare professional prepare a patient for a colonoscopy?
- A. Provide clear instructions on diet
- B. Explain the procedure in detail
- C. Ensure the patient has an empty stomach
- D. Give a bowel prep solution
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Giving a bowel prep solution is essential to clean out the colon thoroughly before a colonoscopy. This process is crucial as it helps to achieve a clear view of the colon during the procedure. Providing clear instructions on diet (Choice A) and ensuring the patient has an empty stomach (Choice C) are important steps in the preparation process but may not be sufficient on their own to adequately cleanse the colon. Explaining the procedure in detail (Choice B) is helpful for patient education but does not directly contribute to the physical preparation required for a successful colonoscopy.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a cholecystectomy and reports pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (SATA)
- A. Change the client's position
- B. Identify the client's pain level
- C. Remind the client to use incisional splinting
- D. Offer the client a back rub
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct actions the nurse should take when caring for a client postoperative following a cholecystectomy and reporting pain include changing the client's position. This can help relieve postoperative pain by reducing pressure on the surgical site. Identifying the client's pain level is important but not specific to alleviating postoperative pain. While reminding the client to use incisional splinting can be beneficial, it may not directly address the immediate pain concern. Offering the client a back rub is not typically indicated for postoperative pain relief after a cholecystectomy.