ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. Which nursing intervention should be included in the postoperative care of a child following a tonsillectomy?
- A. Encourage the child to blow the nose gently
- B. Notify the physician if mucus is observed in the emesis
- C. Position the child supine in the immediate postoperative period
- D. Avoid giving citrus juice
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Avoid giving citrus juice.' Citrus juice can irritate the throat after a tonsillectomy, so it should be avoided. Choice A is incorrect because blowing the nose gently is not a recommended intervention following a tonsillectomy. Choice B is incorrect as mucus in emesis is not uncommon postoperatively and does not necessarily require physician notification. Choice C is incorrect as positioning the child supine immediately postoperatively can increase the risk of airway obstruction and should be avoided.
2. What should the nurse explain about ringworm?
- A. It is not contagious
- B. It is a sign of uncleanliness
- C. It is expected to resolve spontaneously
- D. It is spread by both direct and indirect contact
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ringworm is a fungal infection that spreads through direct and indirect contact. Good hygiene practices can help prevent its spread.
3. The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old African American child whose height and weight are at the 20th percentile on the growth chart. What should the nurse recognize?
- A. The data suggest the child requires nutritional intervention
- B. The NCHS charts are accurate for U.S. African American children
- C. A correction factor is used for nonwhite ethnic groups
- D. No assessment can be made until several measurements are plotted over time
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The NCHS growth charts serve as reference guides for all racial or ethnic groups, including African American children. The 20th percentile for height and weight does not indicate nutritional failure but provides a reference point for ongoing assessment. Choice A is incorrect because being at the 20th percentile does not automatically imply the need for nutritional intervention. Choice C is incorrect as there is no correction factor specifically used for nonwhite ethnic groups in this context. Choice D is incorrect as a single measurement at the 20th percentile can provide valuable information for assessment.
4. After teaching a group of nursing students about developmental milestones for children between the ages of 1 and 4 years, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as a gross motor developmental milestone that occurs between 2 to 3 years of age?
- A. Jumping in place
- B. Climbing
- C. Standing on one foot with help
- D. Riding a tricycle
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Climbing is a gross motor milestone typically achieved between 2 to 3 years of age. It involves coordination and strength. Jumping in place is usually mastered around 2 years of age. Standing on one foot with help is a skill that emerges around 3 years. Riding a tricycle typically occurs closer to 3 years and involves coordination and balance, which are more refined skills compared to climbing at an earlier age.
5. What statement is descriptive of renal transplantation in children?
- A. It is an acceptable means of treatment after age 10 years.
- B. Children can receive kidneys only from other children.
- C. It is the preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children.
- D. The decision for transplantation is difficult because a relatively normal lifestyle is not possible.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Renal transplantation is the preferred method of treatment for children with end-stage renal disease, as it offers the best chance for a normal lifestyle compared to long-term dialysis. Transplantation can be performed at any age, and kidneys can come from adult donors as well.