Nursing Elites

1. A client with pre-dialysis end-stage kidney disease is being taught about diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Increase intake of dietary phosphorus.
• B. Eliminate foods high in protein from your diet.
• C. Reduce intake of foods high in potassium.
• D. Increase intake of sodium-containing foods.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In pre-dialysis end-stage kidney disease, reducing intake of foods high in potassium is crucial as impaired kidney function can lead to potassium buildup in the blood, which can be dangerous. High potassium levels can cause irregular heartbeats and even cardiac arrest. Therefore, advising the client to reduce potassium-rich foods is essential to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Increasing dietary phosphorus, eliminating foods high in protein, or increasing sodium-containing foods are not appropriate recommendations for a client with pre-dialysis end-stage kidney disease as they can exacerbate the condition.

2. A healthcare professional is preparing a list of resources in a community where nutritional status is significantly influenced by economics. What should the professional recommend?

• A. Public service announcement on healthy eating
• B. Educational programs on food safety
• C. The MyPyramid food guidance system
• D. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). SNAP provides financial assistance to help low-income individuals purchase food, directly addressing economic barriers to nutrition. Choices A, B, and C do not directly address the economic aspect of the community's nutritional status. A public service announcement on healthy eating may raise awareness but does not provide financial assistance. Educational programs on food safety focus on a different aspect of nutrition. The MyPyramid food guidance system is a tool for healthy eating but does not address the economic challenges faced by the community.

3. You are attending a certification on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) offered and required by the hospital employing you. This is

• A. professional course towards credits
• B. inservice education
• C. advance training
• D. continuing education

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

4. The nurse is educating a client about foods high in antioxidants A and C. Which breakfast items chosen by the client would indicate that the education was sufficient?

• A. Fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast
• B. Oatmeal with blueberries and coffee
• C. Cereal with strawberries and low-fat milk
• D. Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice are high in antioxidants A and C.

5. Each of the following is a function of vitamin A, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Prevention of night blindness
• B. Growth of soft tissues and bone
• C. Maintenance of more than 200 genes
• D. Integrity of body openings and their linings

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Maintenance of more than 200 genes is not a function of vitamin A; instead, it is a function of Vitamin D. Vitamin A plays a crucial role in the prevention of night blindness by aiding in the production of the visual pigment rhodopsin. It also supports the growth of soft tissues and bone, as well as the integrity of body openings and their linings. Choice C is incorrect because the maintenance of genes is primarily associated with Vitamin D, not Vitamin A.

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