in mammals including humans the sense of smell

ATI RN

Human Growth and Development Final Exam

1. In mammals, including humans, the sense of smell __________.

A. does not become adultlike for several years
B. helps mothers and babies identify each other
C. is the least developed sense at birth
D. takes about four months to become adultlike

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The sense of smell in mammals, including humans, plays a crucial role in helping mothers and babies identify each other. This is important for initiating bonding and caregiving behaviors. Choice A is incorrect because the sense of smell is functional at birth and not entirely underdeveloped for several years. Choice C is incorrect as the sense of smell is actually well-developed at birth. Choice D is incorrect because the sense of smell is functional from birth and does not take several months to become adultlike.

2. Dr. Langley's work is devoted to understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan. Dr. Langley's field of study is __________.

A. genetics
B. clinical psychology
C. adolescent development
D. developmental science

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dr. Langley's work being focused on understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan aligns with the field of developmental science, which studies how individuals grow and change from birth through old age. This field encompasses the study of physical, cognitive, social, emotional, and other aspects of development across the lifespan. Choice A, genetics, primarily focuses on the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation, which is not directly related to understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan. Choice B, clinical psychology, concentrates on the diagnosis and treatment of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders rather than the broader study of development across the lifespan. Choice C, adolescent development, is more specific and limited in scope compared to the comprehensive study of development across the entire lifespan, which is the focus of developmental science.

3. The clinical method __________.

A. allows investigators to see directly the everyday behaviors they hope to explain
B. must be conducted with large groups of people at the same time Copyright Ã‚Â© 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 26 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
C. provides little information on how children and adults actually behave
D. yields richly detailed case narratives that offer valuable insights Answer: D Page Ref: 30 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Studying Development Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The clinical method yields richly detailed case narratives that offer valuable insights. This method involves in-depth interviews, direct observation, and structured interactions to gather detailed information about an individual's behavior and development. It focuses on understanding the unique aspects of an individual's experience and can provide rich insights into behavior and development.

4. __________ emerges early prenatally and is well-developed at birth.

A. Visual acuity
B. Color vision
C. Depth perception
D. Sensitivity to touch

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sensitivity to touch emerges early prenatally and is well-developed at birth. Newborn babies have a well-developed sense of touch, which is crucial for bonding with their caregivers and exploring their environment. This sensitivity to touch helps babies respond to comforting sensations such as gentle strokes and cuddles. Visual acuity, color vision, and depth perception are sensory capabilities that develop and mature after birth, not prenatally. While important for interacting with the environment, they are not as well-developed at birth as sensitivity to touch.

5. To overcome some of the limitations of traditional developmental designs, investigators sometimes use __________ designs, in which they conduct several similar cross-sectional or longitudinal studies.

A. sequential
B. experimental
C. correlational
D. quasi-experimental Answer: A Page Ref: 36 Skill Level: Remember Topic: Studying Development Difficulty Level: Easy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sequential designs involve conducting multiple similar cross-sectional or longitudinal studies to overcome limitations of traditional developmental designs. By combining different types of study designs, researchers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of development over time. This approach allows for more robust conclusions and can help address potential confounding variables that may impact the results.