for patients with hypertension which dietary change is most recommended

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. For patients with hypertension, which dietary change is most recommended?

A. Increase salt intake
B. Reduce fiber intake
C. Increase potassium intake
D. Reduce sugar intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Increasing potassium intake can help reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

2. What are symptoms of uncontrolled type 1 diabetes?

A. Depression, anxiety, and fatigue
B. Increased thirst, urination, and hunger
C. Weight gain, macrosomia, and food cravings
D. Poor wound healing, blurred vision, and recurrent infections

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased thirst, urination, and hunger. Uncontrolled type 1 diabetes typically presents with classic symptoms including polydipsia (increased thirst), polyuria (frequent urination), and polyphagia (increased hunger). These symptoms are often accompanied by weight loss due to the body's inability to properly utilize glucose for energy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the typical symptoms of uncontrolled type 1 diabetes. Depression, anxiety, fatigue, weight gain, macrosomia, food cravings, poor wound healing, blurred vision, and recurrent infections are not primary symptoms associated with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes.

3. Worldwide, what is the most common nutrient deficiency?

A. magnesium deficiency
B. iron deficiency
C. selenium deficiency
D. zinc deficiency

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency globally. It leads to anemia and affects many populations, especially women and children. Magnesium, selenium, and zinc deficiencies are important, but they are not as prevalent as iron deficiency on a global scale.

4. Which food provides a 1-ounce serving of grains for a preschool child?

A. 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes
B. 1⁄2 slice of whole wheat bread
C. 1⁄2 of a 6-inch flour tortilla
D. 1 cup of cooked rice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes. For a preschool child, 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes provides a 1-ounce serving of grains, meeting the requirement. Choice B, 1⁄2 slice of whole wheat bread, is not the correct answer as it does not constitute a 1-ounce serving of grains. Similarly, choice C, 1⁄2 of a 6-inch flour tortilla, does not offer a 1-ounce serving of grains. Choice D, 1 cup of cooked rice, also does not provide a 1-ounce serving of grains for a preschool child, making it an incorrect choice.

5. A client with celiac disease should avoid which of the following?

A. Quinoa
B. Barley
C. Rice
D. Oats

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Barley. Barley contains gluten, which is harmful to individuals with celiac disease. Gluten triggers an immune response in people with celiac disease, damaging the lining of the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D (Quinoa, Rice, and Oats) are gluten-free and safe for individuals with celiac disease to consume.