ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. For patients with hypertension, which dietary change is most recommended?
- A. Increase salt intake
- B. Reduce fiber intake
- C. Increase potassium intake
- D. Reduce sugar intake
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Increasing potassium intake can help reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
2. The community/Public Health Bag is:
- A. a requirement for home visits
- B. an essential and indispensable equipment of the community health nurse
- C. contains basic medications and articles used by the community health nurse
- D. a tool used by the Community health nurse is rendering effective nursing procedures during a home visit
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
3. When taking a blood pressure reading, where should the cuff be positioned?
- A. The cuff should be deflated fully before immediately starting a second reading for the same patient
- B. The cuff should be deflated quickly after being inflated to 180 mmHg
- C. The cuff should be large enough to wrap around the upper arm of the adult patient, positioned 1 cm above the brachial artery
- D. The cuff should be inflated to 30 mmHg above the estimated systolic BP based on palpation of the radial or brachial artery
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When measuring blood pressure, the cuff should be inflated to 30 mmHg above the estimated systolic blood pressure based on palpation of the radial or brachial artery. This ensures an accurate blood pressure measurement. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Deflating the cuff fully before starting a second reading (Choice A) does not directly relate to the position of the cuff during a reading. Deflating the cuff quickly after inflating to 180 mmHg (Choice B) is not recommended because it can potentially lead to inaccurate readings. While ensuring the cuff is large enough to wrap around the upper arm positioned 1 cm above the brachial artery is important (Choice C), this alone does not guarantee an accurate blood pressure reading. The correct inflation based on palpation is the key element for accuracy, which is why Choice D is correct.
4. Which neuromuscular disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and holding food in the mouth for extended periods?
- A. Developmental disabilities
- B. Parkinson's disease
- C. Epilepsy
- D. Diabetes mellitus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and difficulties in oral functions like holding food in the mouth. Developmental disabilities (Choice A) do not specifically cause these symptoms related to neuromuscular function. Epilepsy (Choice C) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures and does not typically present with the described symptoms. Diabetes mellitus (Choice D) is a metabolic disorder that affects blood sugar regulation and does not directly cause the neuromuscular symptoms mentioned in the question.
5. A client who is postoperative following a liver transplant and weighs 65 kg. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Keep the client NPO for the first week postoperative.
- B. Limit caloric content once the client resumes eating.
- C. Stress the importance of safe food-handling practices.
- D. Decrease foods high in carbohydrates once the client resumes eating.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After a liver transplant, it is crucial to stress the importance of safe food-handling practices to prevent foodborne illnesses, especially due to the client's altered immune system. Keeping the client NPO for the first week postoperative is not recommended as early nutrition support is essential for recovery. Limiting caloric content once the client resumes eating may not be appropriate as they need adequate nutrition for healing. Decreasing foods high in carbohydrates without a specific indication may lead to inadequate nutrient intake, which is not ideal for the client's recovery.
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