ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. Following treatment for iron deficiency anemia, the physician orders lab tests. Which lab value would indicate an improvement in the child’s condition?
- A. Low hemoglobin
- B. Normal platelet count
- C. High reticulocyte count
- D. Low hematocrit
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A high reticulocyte count indicates that the bone marrow is producing more red blood cells, which is a sign of recovery from anemia as the body replenishes its iron stores and increases hemoglobin levels. Low hemoglobin (Choice A) would indicate ongoing anemia rather than improvement. A normal platelet count (Choice B) and low hematocrit (Choice D) are not specific indicators of improvement in iron deficiency anemia.
2. The nurse is teaching the family of a child with a long-term central venous access device about signs and symptoms of bacteremia. What finding indicates the presence of bacteremia?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Pain at the entry site
- C. Fever and general malaise
- D. Redness and swelling at the entry site
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Fever and general malaise are systemic signs of bacteremia, indicating that the infection may have spread beyond the local entry site. Localized pain, redness, and swelling are signs of a localized infection but do not necessarily indicate bacteremia.
3. What problem is most often associated with myelomeningocele?
- A. Biliary atresia
- B. Hydrocephalus
- C. Craniostenosis
- D. Tracheoesophageal fistula
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hydrocephalus is the most commonly associated problem with myelomeningocele, present in 80% to 90% of affected children. Biliary atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula are not typically associated with myelomeningocele. Craniostenosis refers to the premature closing of cranial sutures and is not a common issue seen with myelomeningocele.
4. The nurse suspects that a child has ingested some type of poison. What clinical manifestation would be most suggestive that the poison was a corrosive product?
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Disorientation
- C. Stupor, lethargy, and coma
- D. Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx is a characteristic sign of corrosive poisoning, indicating damage to mucous membranes from ingestion of a caustic substance. Other symptoms may vary depending on the poison but are not as specific to corrosive ingestion.
5. A hospitalized child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome is receiving high doses of prednisone. What nursing goal is appropriate for this child?
- A. Stimulate appetite
- B. Detect evidence of edema
- C. Minimize risk of infection
- D. Promote adherence to the antibiotic regimen
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Prednisone, an immunosuppressant, increases the child's susceptibility to infections, making infection prevention a critical nursing goal. Detecting edema and stimulating appetite are important but secondary to preventing potentially life-threatening infections.
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