Nursing Elites

1. Each of the following is a function of the liver except one. Which one is the exception?

• A. Regulatory control of nutrients in the bloodstream
• B. Conversion of monosaccharides to triglycerides
• C. Breakdown of polysaccharide glycogen into glucose
• D. Oxidation of digestive end products to provide energy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides; instead, it converts monosaccharides to glucose or glycogen. Choice A is correct because the liver plays a role in regulating the levels of various nutrients in the bloodstream. Choice C is correct as the liver breaks down stored glycogen into glucose to maintain blood sugar levels. Choice D is correct as the liver oxidizes digestive end products to provide energy. Therefore, only choice B is incorrect as the liver does not convert monosaccharides to triglycerides.

2. Which dietary approach is most beneficial for managing hypertension?

• A. Increasing caffeine intake
• B. Reducing sodium intake
• C. Increasing dietary cholesterol
• D. Reducing fiber intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Reducing sodium intake is the most beneficial dietary approach for managing hypertension. High sodium intake can lead to increased blood pressure, so lowering sodium intake is crucial in managing hypertension. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing caffeine intake, dietary cholesterol, or reducing fiber intake are not recommended dietary approaches for managing hypertension and may even have adverse effects on blood pressure levels.

3. Which vitamin's recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is significantly increased during pregnancy?

• A. Folate
• B. Thiamine (B1)
• C. Riboflavin (B2)
• D. Niacin (B3)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Folate. During pregnancy, the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for folate is significantly increased to support fetal development and prevent neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies. Folate plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cell growth, making it essential for the rapidly dividing cells of the developing fetus. Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), and Niacin (B3) are important vitamins, but their RDAs do not undergo as significant an increase during pregnancy as folate's RDA does.

4. A nurse is discussing denture care with the partner of a client who is unable to perform oral hygiene. Which of the following should be included in the discussion?

• A. Floss dentures as part of daily cleaning.
• B. Wipe dentures before storing them in a dry container at night.
• C. Wrap gloved fingers with gauze to remove dentures.
• D. Use a washcloth to clean the denture surfaces.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Wrap gloved fingers with gauze to remove dentures.' This method provides a safe and effective way to remove dentures without causing damage. Choice A is incorrect because flossing dentures is not recommended. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests wiping dentures and storing them dry, which is not the best practice. Choice D is incorrect because using a washcloth may not effectively clean all denture surfaces.

5. Match protease with its digestive action:

• A. breaks down carbs
• B. breaks down proteins
• C. breaks down lipids
• D. helps fat digestion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids.

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