the nurse knows that after receiving the blood from the blood bank it should be administered within

ATI RN

Nutrition ATI Test

1. The nurse knows that after receiving the blood from the blood bank, it should be administered within:

A. 1 hour
B. 2 hours
C. 4 hours
D. 6 hours

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Blood transfusions need to be administered promptly after receiving the blood from the blood bank to ensure patient safety and effectiveness. Waiting too long can lead to complications such as bacterial growth in the blood product, which can be harmful when infused. Administering the blood within 6 hours is crucial to prevent such risks. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because waiting for 1, 2, or 4 hours respectively can increase the likelihood of complications associated with delayed transfusion.

2. A nurse is assessing a client who reports muscle spasms in his calves and tingling in his hands. The client indicates consuming a low intake of milk products and green leafy vegetables. The nurse should identify that the client's findings indicate a deficiency in which of the following sources of nutrition?

A. Iron
B. Omega-3 fatty acids
C. Vitamin C
D. Calcium

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Calcium. Muscle spasms and tingling suggest a calcium deficiency, which is commonly associated with a low intake of milk products and green leafy vegetables. Iron (choice A) deficiency typically presents with fatigue and weakness, not muscle spasms and tingling. Omega-3 fatty acids (choice B) are essential for brain function and heart health, but their deficiency does not manifest as muscle spasms and tingling. Vitamin C (choice C) deficiency leads to scurvy with symptoms like bleeding gums and bruising, not muscle spasms and tingling.

3. Each statement is true of vitamin K, except one. Which is the exception?

A. Vitamin K is produced in the gut.
B. Vitamin K functions as a catalyst for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors.
C. Vitamin K maintains prothrombin levels.
D. Vitamin K absorption increases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Vitamin K absorption decreases with high levels of vitamin E supplementation because in larger amounts, vitamin E acts as an anticoagulant. Vitamin K is not produced in the gut but can be obtained from food sources or supplements. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors and is crucial in maintaining prothrombin levels, which is vital for proper blood clotting. The incorrect choice, D, is misleading as high levels of vitamin E supplementation hinder vitamin K absorption due to its anticoagulant properties. Dental hygienists should be aware of the importance of vitamin K in blood clotting, especially when treating patients who are on anticoagulant medications for conditions like stroke prevention.

4. For a patient with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), which dietary advice is most appropriate?

A. Increase spicy foods
B. Avoid fatty foods
C. Increase citrus fruits
D. Reduce water intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Avoiding fatty foods can help reduce the symptoms of GERD.

5. Which of the following body processes is not dependent upon the presence of calcium in the body fluids?

A. blood clotting
B. transport of oxygen in the blood
C. muscle contractions
D. transmission of nerve impulses

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The transport of oxygen in the blood is carried out by hemoglobin, which does not require calcium; instead, calcium is essential for blood clotting, muscle contraction, and nerve transmission.