ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored
1. Each of the following accurately describes aspects of the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) published by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) except one. Which one is the exception?
- A. The DRIs replace the older recommended daily allowances
- B. Current DRIs attempt to estimate required nutrients to improve long-term health
- C. DRIs specifically address individuals whose requirements are affected by a disease state
- D. The DRIs attempt to establish maximum safe levels of tolerance for nutrients
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. DRIs are intended for the general population and do not specifically address disease states, which are managed with different clinical guidelines. Choice A is correct as DRIs have replaced the older recommended daily allowances. Choice B is correct as current DRIs aim to estimate the required nutrients for long-term health. Choice D is correct as DRIs also attempt to establish maximum safe levels of tolerance for nutrients.
2. For abdominal inspection, in which of the following positions should a patient be placed?
- A. Prone
- B. Trendelenburg
- C. Supine
- D. Side-lying
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The supine position is ideal for abdominal inspection as it allows the healthcare provider to easily access and examine the abdomen. In the supine position, the patient lies flat on their back with arms at their sides, providing a clear view and access to the abdominal area for inspection.
3. Calcium concentration in the blood is controlled by which of the following glands?
- A. Hypothalamus gland
- B. Thyroid gland
- C. Pituitary gland
- D. Parathyroid glands
Correct answer: Parathyroid glands
Rationale: The correct answer is Parathyroid glands. The parathyroid glands are responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood by secreting parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH helps increase calcium levels in the blood when they are too low. The other glands listed, such as the Hypothalamus, Thyroid, and Pituitary glands, do not directly control calcium concentration in the blood.
4. The nurse is admitting a patient with a suspected fluid imbalance. The most sensitive indicator of body fluid balance is:
- A. Daily weight
- B. Serum sodium levels
- C. Measured intake and output
- D. Blood pressure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Daily weight is the most sensitive indicator of body fluid balance because it can show trends over time, helping in assessing the effectiveness of interventions and medications. While serum sodium levels provide objective data on electrolyte balance, they may not accurately reflect fluid balance, especially if a patient is dehydrated. Measured intake and output are crucial for assessing fluid balance, but it can be challenging to match the two due to various ways fluid is lost from the body. Blood pressure and other vital signs may not always be reliable indicators of fluid balance as they can be influenced by other factors beyond fluid status.
5. The unlicensed nursing assistant is applying elastic compression stockings to the client. Which action by the assistant warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. The assistant is putting the stockings on while the client is in the chair.
- B. The assistant inserted two (2) fingers under the proximal end of the stocking.
- C. The assistant elevated the feet while lying down to put on the stockings.
- D. The assistant made sure the toes were warm after putting the stockings on.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because compression stockings should be applied while the client is lying down to prevent pooling of blood in the legs, which can occur when the client is sitting or standing. Choice B is not a cause for immediate intervention as inserting two fingers under the proximal end of the stocking helps ensure proper fit. Choice C demonstrates the correct technique of elevating the feet while lying down to put on the stockings. Choice D also shows good care by making sure the toes were warm after putting the stockings on.