Nursing Elites

1. During conception, the 23 unpaired chromosomes in the ovum and sperm combine to form 23 pairs in an entirely new cell called the?

• A. Embryo
• B. DNA
• C. Fetus
• D. Zygote

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Zygote. A zygote is formed when the 23 chromosomes from the ovum and sperm combine during conception. It is the initial cell formed and marks the beginning of a new organism. Choice A, Embryo, is incorrect as an embryo is formed later in the development process. Choice B, DNA, is incorrect as DNA is the genetic material within the chromosomes but is not the name of the new cell formed after fertilization. Choice C, Fetus, is incorrect as a fetus is the stage of prenatal development that occurs well after the zygote stage.

2. What is the relationship between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of abnormal behavior?

• A. Socioeconomic status does not affect the prevalence of abnormal behavior.
• B. There is a positive correlation between low socioeconomic status and a higher prevalence of abnormal behavior.
• C. Higher socioeconomic status is associated with a lower prevalence of abnormal behavior.
• D. Socioeconomic status and the prevalence of abnormal behavior are unrelated.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. There is a positive correlation between low socioeconomic status and a higher prevalence of abnormal behavior. Individuals with lower socioeconomic status may face more stressors, reduced access to mental health resources, and other challenges that can contribute to a higher prevalence of abnormal behavior. Choice A is incorrect because socioeconomic status does affect the prevalence of abnormal behavior. Choice C is incorrect because higher socioeconomic status is not associated with a lower prevalence of abnormal behavior. Choice D is incorrect as there is a clear relationship between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of abnormal behavior.

3. When examining heredity, mental disorders are almost always ________.

• A. influenced by one particular gene.
• B. influenced by multiple genes.
• C. influenced by recessive genes.
• D. not influenced by genes.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When examining heredity and mental disorders, it is important to note that these conditions are influenced by multiple genes working together. Mental disorders are complex traits that arise from the interplay of various genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, choice B, 'influenced by multiple genes,' is the correct answer. Choice A, 'influenced by one particular gene,' is incorrect because mental disorders typically do not result from the action of a single gene. Choice C, 'influenced by recessive genes,' is incorrect as it oversimplifies the genetic basis of mental disorders. Choice D, 'not influenced by genes,' is also incorrect as genes play a significant role in the development of mental disorders.

4. Which part of your brain is active when you get cues about being hungry, thirsty, or sleepy?

• A. Hippocampus
• B. Thalamus
• C. Hypothalamus
• D. Amygdala

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the Hypothalamus (Choice C). The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating basic bodily functions such as hunger, thirst, and sleep. It receives cues related to these needs and helps to maintain homeostasis in the body. The Hippocampus (Choice A) is primarily involved in memory formation and spatial navigation, not in regulating physiological needs. The Thalamus (Choice B) acts as a relay station for sensory information but is not the main center for hunger, thirst, or sleep regulation. The Amygdala (Choice D) is more associated with emotions, particularly fear and pleasure, rather than physiological needs like hunger, thirst, or sleep.

5. How does the biopsychosocial model differ from the biomedical model?

• A. The biopsychosocial model focuses solely on the biological aspects of disease.
• B. The biopsychosocial model includes biological, psychological, and social factors, whereas the biomedical model focuses on only biological factors.
• C. The biopsychosocial model is outdated and has been replaced by the biomedical model.
• D. The biopsychosocial model is identical to the biomedical model.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The biopsychosocial model differs from the biomedical model by considering biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and illness. Choice A is incorrect because the biopsychosocial model does not solely focus on biological aspects. Choice C is incorrect as the biopsychosocial model is not outdated but rather offers a more comprehensive approach. Choice D is incorrect as the two models are distinct in their considerations of factors beyond biology.

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