ATI RN
Exam 4 Psychology
1. Daniel is pretending that one of his blocks is a car. Daniel is exhibiting which function?
- A. Abstraction
- B. Preoperational
- C. Overextension
- D. Semiotic
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Abstraction. Pretending that a block is a car demonstrates abstraction, where one object is used to represent another. Choice B, Preoperational, refers to Piaget's stage of cognitive development. Choice C, Overextension, involves using a word in a broader context than is appropriate. Choice D, Semiotic, refers to the use of symbols to represent ideas or concepts, which is not directly related to the scenario described in the question.
2. Which action exemplifies secondary prevention?
- A. Administering vaccines
- B. Providing treatment for acute illnesses
- C. Teaching safe health practices
- D. Developing health policies
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing treatment for acute illnesses. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of a disease to prevent its progression and complications. Administering vaccines (choice A) is an example of primary prevention aimed at preventing the onset of a disease. Teaching safe health practices (choice C) falls under health promotion and education, which is a form of primary prevention. Developing health policies (choice D) is more aligned with public health initiatives and may impact primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention strategies, depending on the specific policies enacted.
3. Which outcome should the nurse identify for the client diagnosed with fluid volume excess?
- A. The client will void a minimum of 30 mL per hour
- B. The client will have elastic skin turgor
- C. The client will have no adventitious breath sounds
- D. The client will have a serum creatinine of 1.4 mg/dL
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct outcome for a client diagnosed with fluid volume excess is the absence of adventitious breath sounds. This indicates that fluid is not accumulating in the lungs, a crucial sign in managing fluid volume excess. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because voiding a specific amount of urine, having elastic skin turgor, and a serum creatinine level do not directly relate to managing fluid volume excess.
4. . A nurse assesses a client who had an intraosseous catheter placed in the left leg. Which assessment finding is of greatest concern?
- A. The catheter has been in place for 20 hours.
- B. . The client has poor vascular access in the upper extremities.
- C. The catheter is placed in the proximal tibia.
- D. The clients left lower extremity is cool to the touch.
Correct answer: The clients left lower extremity is cool to the touch.
Rationale:
5. The patient asks the nurse if he will die if air bubbles get into the IV tubing. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. The system is closed, and that scenario is highly unlikely.
- B. Only relatively large volumes of air administered rapidly are dangerous.
- C. There is a risk of complications associated with IV administration.
- D. You have been influenced by movies too much.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because air emboli are more commonly associated with central vein access. Usually, only relatively large volumes of air administered rapidly are dangerous. It is a significant concern when air enters a central venous access line. Choice A is incorrect as it downplays the risk and is not entirely accurate. Choice C is too general and does not specifically address the patient's concern. Choice D is dismissive and does not provide any relevant information regarding the risk of air bubbles in IV tubing.
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