Nursing Elites

1. Which term describes a combination of economic and social factors detailing an individual or family's position, including income, education, and occupation?

• A. Culture
• B. Socioeconomic status
• C. Risk factors
• D. Ethnic gloss

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a term used to combine economic and social factors to describe an individual's or family's position in society. Choice A, Culture, refers to the beliefs, customs, and practices of a specific group of people. Choice C, Risk factors, are characteristics or exposures that increase the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. Choice D, Ethnic gloss, is not a term related to the description of an individual or family's economic and social position.

2. A newspaper article reported a study by a psychologist in which the attitudes of men and women toward traditional sex roles were studied. Most likely, the researcher was?

• A. A cognitive psychologist.
• B. A counseling psychologist.
• C. A developmental psychologist.
• D. A social psychologist.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, a social psychologist. Social psychologists focus on how societal factors, including norms and expectations, influence behaviors and attitudes. In this case, studying the attitudes of men and women toward traditional sex roles aligns with the research domain of social psychology. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because cognitive psychologists focus on mental processes, counseling psychologists on helping individuals with personal and interpersonal issues, and developmental psychologists on human growth and development, respectively, which are not directly related to studying attitudes towards traditional sex roles influenced by societal factors.

3. What is the term for a fluid-filled sac in which the baby floats until just before it is born?

• A. Amnion
• B. Placenta
• C. Umbilical cord
• D. Embryo

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Amnion. The amnion is a fluid-filled sac that surrounds and protects the developing fetus in the womb. It acts as a cushion, maintaining a stable temperature and protecting the fetus from external pressure. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the placenta is an organ that provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removes waste products, the umbilical cord connects the fetus to the placenta to facilitate nutrient exchange, and an embryo is an early stage of development before it becomes a fetus.

4. According to the diathesis-stress model, having a predisposition towards mental illness...

• A. Means that a person will surely develop a mental disorder in the future
• B. Does not affect the chances of developing a mental disorder
• C. Increases the chance that a person would have a mental disorder
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to the diathesis-stress model, having a predisposition towards mental illness increases the risk but does not guarantee the development of a mental disorder. Choice A is incorrect as the model does not imply certainty. Choice B is incorrect as having a predisposition does affect the chances. Choice D is incorrect as the model does have an impact on the likelihood of developing a mental disorder.

5. Most behavioral disorders are determined primarily by ________.

• A. genetics
• B. upbringing
• C. diet
• D. environment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Genetics play a significant role in the development of behavioral disorders. While upbringing, diet, and environment can also influence behavior, genetics are often the primary factor in determining behavioral disorders. Choice B (upbringing) can contribute to behavior but is not the sole determinant of behavioral disorders. Choice C (diet) can impact behavior but is not the primary factor in behavioral disorders. Choice D (environment) can also influence behavior, but genetics typically play a more significant role in determining behavioral disorders.

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