Nursing Elites

1. Chinara is Rh-negative and Savon, her first child, is Rh-positive. Chinara's doctor will probably __________.

• A. give Savon a vaccine to prevent heart damage and intellectual disabilities
• B. advise Chinara not to have another child due to Rh incompatibility
• C. give Chinara a vaccine to prevent the buildup of antibodies to the foreign Rh protein
• D. do nothing because firstborn children are not affected by Rh incompatibility

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Chinara is Rh-negative and Savon, her first child, is Rh-positive. This presents a risk of Rh incompatibility in future pregnancies. To prevent the buildup of antibodies to the foreign Rh protein and protect future pregnancies, Chinara's doctor will likely give her a vaccine known as RhoGAM to prevent her immune system from reacting to Rh-positive blood cells. This vaccine helps to minimize the risks of complications in subsequent pregnancies. Choice A is incorrect because the vaccine is given to the mother, not the child. Choice B is incorrect as advising against having more children is not a typical response when preventive measures are available. Choice D is incorrect because all subsequent pregnancies are at risk of Rh incompatibility, not just the firstborn child.

2. Depression __________.

• A. declines with age
• B. responds to treatment that is completely covered by Medicare
• C. is rarely related to physical illness or pain
• D. can lead to cognitive deterioration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'can lead to cognitive deterioration.' Depression, particularly in older adults, can significantly impair cognitive function, leading to further mental health challenges. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Depression does not necessarily decline with age, treatment coverage may vary, and depression can indeed be related to physical illness or pain.

3. What is the most consistent asset of resilient children?

• A. a strong bond with a competent, caring adult
• B. high intelligence
• C. an easygoing temperament
• D. an association with a rule-abiding peer

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most consistent asset of resilient children is a strong bond with a competent, caring adult. This relationship provides crucial support, guidance, and positive role modeling, fostering resilience in children. While intelligence (choice B) can be beneficial, it is not as consistently impactful as a supportive adult bond. An easygoing temperament (choice C) may help, but it is not as universally present in resilient children. Associating with rule-abiding peers (choice D) can be helpful, but the connection with a caring adult is more significant in promoting resilience.

4. Self-esteem takes on a hierarchical structure in __________.

• A. toddlerhood
• B. preschool
• C. middle childhood
• D. adolescence

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In middle childhood, self-esteem becomes more differentiated and organized into a hierarchy based on various domains of competence. This period marks a time when children start to compare their abilities in different areas, such as academic performance, social skills, and physical abilities. Toddlerhood and preschool years are characterized by the development of basic self-awareness and self-concept, but self-esteem hierarchy typically emerges later in middle childhood and further solidifies in adolescence as individuals navigate complex social dynamics and personal identities.

5. Tammy's father is an exceptional gymnast. When Tammy was just a toddler, her father believed that Tammy already showed great promise as a gymnast. Tammy's father probably believes that athletic ability is mostly determined by __________.

• A. nurture
• B. stages
• C. nature
• D. early experiences

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Tammy's father likely believes that athletic ability is mostly determined by nature because he believes she showed great promise at a young age, indicating a natural talent or genetic predisposition towards gymnastics. This suggests that he attributes Tammy's abilities to her inherent qualities rather than her upbringing or experiences (nurture). While stages and early experiences can play a role in skill development, in this context, the emphasis is on innate abilities, making 'nature' the most suitable choice.

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