at an 8 month old well baby visit the parent tells the nurse that her infant falls asleep at night during the last bottle feeding but wakes up when mo

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children ATI

1. At an 8-month-old well-baby visit, the parent tells the nurse that her infant falls asleep at night during the last bottle feeding but wakes up when moved to the infant’s crib. What is the most appropriate response for the nurse to make?

A. You should put your baby to sleep 1 hour earlier without the nighttime feeding but with a pacifier for soothing.
B. You could place rice cereal in the last bottle feeding of the day to ensure a longer sleep pattern.
C. You should have your partner give the last bottle of the day and observe whether your infant stays awake for your partner.
D. You could increase daytime feeding intervals to every 4 hours and put your baby in the crib while the baby is still awake.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Encouraging the baby to fall asleep in the crib while still awake can help establish healthy sleep habits and reduce night waking.

2. A nurse must do a venipuncture on a 6-year-old child. What consideration is important in providing atraumatic care?

A. Use an 18-gauge needle if possible.
B. Show the child the equipment to be used before the procedure.
C. If not successful after four attempts, have another nurse try.
D. Restrain the child completely.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Showing the child the equipment before the procedure helps build trust and reduces fear. Using an 18-gauge needle is too large for a child, and multiple attempts can increase trauma. Restraining completely can increase fear and anxiety.

3. What self-report pain rating scales can be used in children as young as 3 years of age?

A. Poker Chip Tool
B. Visual Analog Scale
C. FACES Pain Rating Scale
D. Word-Graphic Rating Scale

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The FACES Pain Rating Scale is suitable for children as young as 3 years of age. It uses facial expressions to depict different levels of pain, making it easy for young children to understand and use. The Poker Chip Tool is validated for children aged 4 and older who have a certain level of cognitive ability. The Visual Analog Scale is more appropriate for children aged 7 and above. The Word-Graphic Rating Scale, which uses descriptive words, is recommended for children in the age range of 4 to 17 years.

4. Which data should be included in a health history?

A. Review of systems
B. Physical assessment
C. Growth measurements
D. Record of vital signs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The review of systems is a critical part of a health history, helping to identify any symptoms or conditions that need further evaluation.

5. What is the first step in treating a child with suspected anaphylaxis?

A. Administer oxygen
B. Start an IV line
C. Give epinephrine
D. Monitor vital signs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Give epinephrine. Administering epinephrine is the first and most critical step in treating anaphylaxis. Epinephrine rapidly reverses the symptoms of anaphylaxis, including airway swelling, hypotension, and shock. Delaying administration can lead to severe complications or death, making it essential in emergency treatment. Choice A, administering oxygen, might be necessary but should not delay the administration of epinephrine. Starting an IV line (Choice B) is important for further treatment but not the initial step. Monitoring vital signs (Choice D) is essential but comes after administering epinephrine to stabilize the child.