ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. The mother of a 6-month-old infant has returned to work and is expressing breast milk to be frozen. She asks for directions on how to safely thaw the breast milk in the microwave. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Heat only 10 oz or more.
- B. Do not thaw or heat breast milk in a microwave oven.
- C. Always leave the bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape.
- D. Shake the bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Thawing or heating breast milk in a microwave is not recommended because it can create hot spots that may burn the infant and destroy essential nutrients.
2. The C/PHN reviews the process of how a bill becomes a federal law. They note that which of the following statements is true?
- A. The bill will go to the appropriate committee to be discussed, research, and expert testimony heard.
- B. The bill will first be reviewed by the President to see if it aligns with the country's goals.
- C. The bill must have a complete consensus in both houses of the legislature.
- D. A bill cannot be vetoed by the President if the Senate supports it 100%.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a bill is introduced, it is sent to the appropriate committee where it is discussed, research is conducted, and expert testimony is heard. This is an essential step in the legislative process to evaluate the bill's merits and potential impact before it moves forward for consideration by the full legislative body.
3. The nurse is teaching a client about the risk factors associated with colorectal cancer. The nurse determines that further teaching is necessary related to colorectal cancer if the client identifies which item as an associated risk factor?
- A. Age younger than 50 years
- B. History of colorectal polyps
- C. Family history of colorectal cancer
- D. Chronic inflammatory bowel disease
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Age younger than 50 years. Colorectal cancer is more commonly diagnosed in individuals over the age of 50, so being younger than 50 is not typically considered a significant risk factor. Choice B, history of colorectal polyps, is a known risk factor as polyps can develop into cancer over time. Choice C, family history of colorectal cancer, is a well-established risk factor due to genetic predisposition. Choice D, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Therefore, the incorrect choice is A as age younger than 50 years is not a common risk factor for colorectal cancer.
4. A client is being taught about taking Tetracycline to treat a GI infection caused by Helicobacter pylori. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the instructions?
- A. I will take this medication with 8 ounces of milk.
- B. I will inform my doctor if I experience diarrhea.
- C. I can discontinue this medication when I feel completely well.
- D. I can take this medication just before bedtime.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Diarrhea can indicate the development of a suprainfection, which can be serious. Therefore, it is essential for the client to notify the healthcare provider if they experience diarrhea while taking Tetracycline to treat a GI infection caused by Helicobacter pylori. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because taking Tetracycline with milk can reduce its absorption, discontinuing the medication prematurely can lead to treatment failure, and taking it just before bedtime may increase the risk of esophageal irritation due to the potential reflux of the medication.
5. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is being taught self-administration of insulin by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Inject air into the vial before withdrawing the insulin.
- B. Draw up the short-acting insulin first, then the long-acting insulin.
- C. Store unopened insulin vials in the freezer.
- D. Rotate injection sites within the same anatomical region.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include is to rotate injection sites within the same anatomical region. This practice helps reduce the risk of lipodystrophy, a condition characterized by fatty tissue changes due to repeated insulin injections in the same spot. By rotating sites, the client ensures better insulin absorption and prevents localized skin changes. Injecting air into the vial before withdrawing insulin (Choice A) is unnecessary and not recommended. Drawing up short-acting insulin before long-acting insulin (Choice B) is not a standard practice and can lead to errors in dosing. Storing unopened insulin vials in the freezer (Choice C) is incorrect as insulin should be stored in the refrigerator, not the freezer, to maintain its effectiveness.
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