Nursing Elites

1. An occupational health nurse is preparing to teach a health promotion class for workers at a warehouse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

• A. Rub your hands together for at least 10 seconds when washing them.
• B. Keep your abdominal muscles tightened when lifting objects.
• C. Ensure that 20% or less of calories come from saturated fats.
• D. Engage in aerobic exercise 2 to 4 days per week for 20 minutes.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct statement to include is to 'Keep your abdominal muscles tightened when lifting objects.' This practice helps protect the back from injury by providing core stability. Rubbing hands together for 10 seconds when washing them (Choice A) is a good hygiene practice, but not directly related to warehouse work safety. Ensuring 20% or less of calories come from saturated fats (Choice C) is important for overall health but not specific to workplace safety. Engaging in aerobic exercise 2 to 4 days per week for 20 minutes (Choice D) is beneficial for health but not as directly relevant to preventing injuries while working in a warehouse.

2. How should a healthcare professional position a patient to reduce the risk of pressure ulcers?

• A. Position the patient in the supine position for long periods.
• B. Use pillows to support bony prominences.
• C. Turn the patient every 4 hours.
• D. Place the patient on an alternating pressure mattress.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correctly positioning a patient to reduce the risk of pressure ulcers involves using pillows to support bony prominences. This helps to relieve pressure from vulnerable areas and prevent the development of pressure ulcers. Choice A is incorrect because keeping a patient in the supine position for extended periods can increase the risk of pressure ulcers. Choice C is incorrect as turning the patient every 2 hours, rather than every 4 hours, is recommended to prevent pressure ulcers. Choice D is not the best option mentioned for positioning a patient to reduce pressure ulcer risk; although alternating pressure mattresses can be beneficial, using pillows for support is a more direct and commonly used method.

3. When caring for a patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube, what is the most appropriate intervention to prevent aspiration?

• A. Flush the NG tube with water before each feeding.
• B. Check the placement of the NG tube before each feeding.
• C. Elevate the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees.
• D. Provide the patient with oral care every 4 hours.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees is the most appropriate intervention to prevent aspiration in a patient with an NG tube. This position helps reduce the risk of regurgitation and aspiration by promoting the proper flow of contents through the gastrointestinal tract and minimizing the chances of stomach contents entering the airway. Flushing the NG tube with water before each feeding may not directly prevent aspiration. Checking the placement of the NG tube is important but does not specifically address the prevention of aspiration. Providing oral care every 4 hours is essential for maintaining oral hygiene but is not directly related to preventing aspiration in a patient with an NG tube.

4. A nurse is preparing to transfer a client who can bear weight on one leg from the bed to a chair. After securing a safe environment, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?

• A. Check for orthostatic hypotension
• B. Use a gait belt
• C. Position the chair on the strong side
• D. Ask for assistance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct next action for the nurse to take is to check for orthostatic hypotension. This step is crucial as it ensures the client's safety during the transfer process. Orthostatic hypotension is a drop in blood pressure that can occur when a person moves from a lying down position to a sitting or standing position. By checking for orthostatic hypotension before transferring the client, the nurse can prevent potential complications such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or falls. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect in this scenario as they do not address the immediate safety concern of assessing for orthostatic hypotension.

5. A patient has difficulty ambulating after surgery. Which action should the nurse take first?

• A. Encourage deep breathing exercises.
• B. Assist the patient in ambulating a short distance.
• C. Call for assistance with ambulation.
• D. Assess the patient's pain level before ambulation.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when a patient has difficulty ambulating after surgery is to call for assistance with ambulation. This is essential to ensure the safety of the patient and prevent any potential falls or injuries. Encouraging deep breathing exercises (Choice A) may be beneficial but should not be the first priority when the patient is having difficulty walking. Assisting the patient in ambulating a short distance (Choice B) may put both the patient and the nurse at risk if the patient is struggling. Assessing the patient's pain level before ambulation (Choice D) is important but should come after ensuring that the patient can safely ambulate with assistance.

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