ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. An infant requires surgery for repair of a cleft lip. An important priority of the preoperative nursing care is which?
- A. Initiating discharge teaching
- B. Performing baseline physical and behavioral assessment
- C. Observing for allergic reactions to preoperative antibiotics
- D. Determining whether this defect exists in other family members
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Performing a baseline physical and behavioral assessment is crucial to determine the infant's current health status and to identify any potential risks before surgery.
2. A healthcare provider is reviewing the health history of a client who has a prescription for Propranolol. Which of the following findings should the provider report?
- A. Previous history of thromboembolism
- B. Concurrent use of an antacid
- C. History of bronchial asthma
- D. Recent weight gain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Propranolol is a nonselective beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction, making it contraindicated for clients with a history of bronchial asthma. Reporting a history of bronchial asthma to the provider is crucial as it would prompt a review of the medication prescription to avoid potential adverse effects and consider alternative treatment options.
3. What is the conversion of genetic information in RNA into a sequence of amino acids?
- A. translation
- B. transcription
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'translation.' Translation is the process where the genetic information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein. This process occurs at ribosomes within the cell. Option B, 'transcription,' is incorrect as transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template. Options C and D are irrelevant as they are not related to the conversion of genetic information into amino acids.
4. Which psychological perspective, emerging in the 1950s and 1960s, reflects a renewed interest in studying the mind or consciousness, similar to psychology's early days as a science in the late 1800s?
- A. Cognitive perspective.
- B. Mental perspective.
- C. Philosophical perspective.
- D. Biological perspective.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the Cognitive perspective. The cognitive perspective indeed emerged in the 1950s and 1960s, reflecting a renewed interest in studying the mind and consciousness, akin to early psychology's focus when it first established as a science in the late 1800s. This perspective emphasizes mental processes, problem-solving, decision-making, and information processing. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the mental perspective is too generic and does not capture the emphasis on processes, the philosophical perspective is more focused on theories and concepts, and the biological perspective centers on the influence of biology on behavior rather than consciousness and mental processes.
5. The nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old infant with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) before discharge. What instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Elevate the head of the bed in the crib to a 90-degree angle while the infant is sleeping.
- B. Hold the infant in the prone position after a feeding.
- C. Discontinue breastfeeding so that a formula and rice cereal mixture can be used.
- D. Prescribed cimetidine (Tagamet) should be given 30 minutes before feedings.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Cimetidine is an H2 blocker that reduces stomach acid, helping manage GER. Holding the infant in the prone position is not recommended due to the risk of SIDS. Breastfeeding should not be discontinued unless advised by a physician. Elevating the head to 90 degrees is excessive.
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