ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. What is a priority intervention for an infant with a temporary colostomy for Hirschsprung disease?
- A. Teaching how to irrigate the colostomy
- B. Protecting the skin around the colostomy
- C. Discussing the implications of a colostomy during puberty
- D. Using simple, straightforward language to prepare the child
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Protecting the skin around the colostomy is crucial to prevent irritation and infection, which are common complications in infants with colostomies. Teaching and discussing long-term implications are important but secondary to immediate skin care needs.
2. The nurse is caring for a child with the following order: Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) 20 mg IV, every 6 hours. The nurse has Methylprednisolone 100 mg in 2 mL available. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose?
- A. 0.4 mL
- B. 0.2 mL
- C. 0.5 mL
- D. 0.6 mL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct dosage to administer 20 mg is 0.4 mL, calculated by dividing the dose (20 mg) by the concentration (100 mg in 2 mL). This calculation ensures the accurate administration of the prescribed medication. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the provided concentration of the medication.
3. The clinic nurse is teaching parents about physiologic anemia that occurs in infants. What statement should the nurse include about the cause of physiologic anemia?
- A. Maternally derived iron stores are depleted in the first 2 months.
- B. Fetal hemoglobin results in a shortened survival of red blood cells.
- C. The production of adult hemoglobin decreases in the first year of life.
- D. Low levels of fetal hemoglobin depress the production of erythropoietin.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Physiologic anemia is caused by the transition from fetal to adult hemoglobin, with fetal hemoglobin having a shorter lifespan, leading to a temporary decrease in red blood cells.
4. What is the number one leading cause of death in children over 1 year of age?
- A. Congenital anomalies
- B. Homicide
- C. Suicide
- D. Accidents
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Accidents, such as motor vehicle accidents, drowning, and falls, are the primary cause of death in children over 1 year of age. While congenital anomalies can be a significant cause of mortality in infants, they are less common in older children. Homicide and suicide are serious issues but are not as prevalent as accidents in causing death among children over 1 year of age.
5. Which pediatric condition is characterized by a "string sign" on an upper GI series?
- A. Intussusception
- B. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- C. Hirschsprung disease
- D. Meckel diverticulum
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The "string sign" is associated with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, a condition where the pyloric canal is narrowed, leading to gastric outlet obstruction. Intussusception (choice A) typically presents with colicky abdominal pain and currant jelly stools. Hirschsprung disease (choice C) is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon. Meckel diverticulum (choice D) is a congenital outpouching of the small intestine that can present with painless rectal bleeding.
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