ATI RN
ATI Fluid and Electrolytes
1. An increase in capillary blood pressure would tend to:
- A. increase interstitial fluid volume.
- B. increase plasma volume.
- C. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
- D. increase plasma volume and decrease interstitial fluid volume.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An increase in capillary blood pressure leads to a higher force pushing fluid out of the capillaries into the interstitial space, thereby increasing interstitial fluid volume. Choice B is incorrect because capillary blood pressure affects the movement of fluid into the interstitial space, not into the plasma. Choice C is incorrect as an increase in capillary blood pressure would not decrease interstitial fluid volume. Choice D is incorrect as it combines contradictory effects when capillary blood pressure increases.
2. Which of the following conditions is not treated with Prednisone?
- A. Cushing’s disease
- B. Testicular cancer
- C. Lymphomas
- D. Chronic leukemias
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Prednisone is not a common treatment for testicular cancer. Prednisone is used in conditions like Cushing’s disease, lymphomas, and chronic leukemias due to its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, testicular cancer treatment typically involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but not Prednisone.
3. An older adult patient is undergoing diagnostic testing for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). What assessment finding is certain to be present if the patient has CLL?
- A. Increased numbers of blast cells
- B. Increased lymphocyte levels
- C. Intractable bone pain
- D. Thrombocytopenia with no evidence of bleeding
Correct answer: B
Rationale: An increased lymphocyte count (lymphocytosis) is always present in patients with CLL.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postpartum and is breastfeeding her newborn. The client asks the nurse to warm up seaweed soup that her partner brought for her. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Does the doctor know you are eating that?
- B. Why are you eating seaweed soup?
- C. Of course, I will heat that up for you.
- D. The hospital food is more nutritious.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Respecting cultural preferences and providing client-centered care promotes trust.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take prior to administering the medication?
- A. Monitor the client's respiratory rate.
- B. Assess the client's apical pulse.
- C. Review the client's potassium level.
- D. Monitor the client's fluid intake.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should take prior to administering digoxin is to assess the client's apical pulse. Digoxin is known to affect the heart rate, potentially causing bradycardia. Monitoring the client's respiratory rate (Choice A) is not directly related to administering digoxin. Reviewing the client's potassium level (Choice C) is important but not a direct prerequisite for administering digoxin. Monitoring the client's fluid intake (Choice D) is also important but not a specific action to take just before administering digoxin.
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