Nursing Elites

1. An increase in capillary blood pressure would tend to:

• A. increase interstitial fluid volume.
• B. increase plasma volume.
• C. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
• D. increase plasma volume and decrease interstitial fluid volume.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An increase in capillary blood pressure leads to a higher force pushing fluid out of the capillaries into the interstitial space, thereby increasing interstitial fluid volume. Choice B is incorrect because capillary blood pressure affects the movement of fluid into the interstitial space, not into the plasma. Choice C is incorrect as an increase in capillary blood pressure would not decrease interstitial fluid volume. Choice D is incorrect as it combines contradictory effects when capillary blood pressure increases.

2. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing moderate metabolic alkalosis. Which action should the nurse take?

• A. Monitor daily hemoglobin and hematocrit values.
• B. Administer furosemide (Lasix) intravenously.
• C. Encourage the client to take deep breaths.
• D. Teach the client fall prevention measures.

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. When considering overhydration:

• A. occurs less often than dehydration.
• B. can strain the kidneys.
• C. can be caused by giving intravenous fluids too rapidly.
• D. less common than dehydration.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Overhydration can occur when intravenous fluids are administered too quickly, overwhelming the body's ability to excrete the excess fluid. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because overhydration is less common than dehydration. Choice B is incorrect because while overhydration can strain the kidneys, it is not due to the burden being too heavy. Choice D is incorrect because dehydration is more common than overhydration.

4. A nurse is assessing clients who have intravenous therapy prescribed. Which assessment finding for a client with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) requires immediate attention?

• A. The initial site dressing is 3 days old.
• B. The PICC was inserted 4 weeks ago.
• C. A securement device is absent.
• D. Upper extremity swelling is noted.

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

5. A nurse assesses a client who is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for hypertension. For which acid-base imbalance should the nurse assess to prevent complications of this therapy?

• A. Respiratory acidosis
• B. Respiratory alkalosis
• C. Metabolic acidosis
• D. Metabolic alkalosis

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

Similar Questions