ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. An important intervention for infants with developmental disabilities is to:
- A. Help parents realize their child will not develop further
- B. Stress the importance of early infant stimulation and intervention programs
- C. Have them institutionalized as soon as possible
- D. Have children reevaluated at 2 years of age to confirm the diagnosis
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stress the importance of early infant stimulation and intervention programs. Early intervention programs are essential for infants with developmental disabilities as they can significantly impact the child's development and future outcomes. These programs provide necessary support and therapies to enhance the child's skills and abilities. Choice A is incorrect because it is crucial to provide hope and support to parents, emphasizing the potential for development and progress. Choice C is inappropriate and unethical as the first line of intervention. Institutionalization should only be considered in extreme cases where other options have been exhausted. Choice D is not the most crucial intervention at this stage. While reevaluation may be necessary, early intervention and support should be prioritized to maximize the child's developmental potential.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child with celiac disease. Which food choice should the nurse include?
- A. Rice
- B. Barley
- C. Wheat
- D. Rye
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Rice. In celiac disease, individuals must avoid gluten-containing foods. Rice is a safe option as it is gluten-free. Barley (choice B), Wheat (choice C), and Rye (choice D) all contain gluten and should be avoided in a celiac diet. Therefore, the nurse should emphasize including rice in the child's diet.
3. The charge nurse in the pediatric unit is teaching nursing students about pyloric stenosis. A student asks what causes pyloric stenosis. How should the nurse respond?
- A. One portion of the intestines invaginates or telescopes into another
- B. Hypertrophy of the circular pylorus muscle
- C. Relaxed cardiac sphincter
- D. Absent ganglion cells in the colon
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is caused by the hypertrophy (thickening) of the circular muscle of the pylorus, leading to obstruction. Choice A is incorrect as it describes intussusception, not pyloric stenosis. Choice C is incorrect as a relaxed cardiac sphincter is related to gastroesophageal reflux. Choice D is incorrect as it describes Hirschsprung's disease, not pyloric stenosis.
4. Which of the following theories best describes current health care delivery systems?
- A. Open system theory
- B. Closed system theory
- C. Chaos theory
- D. Contingency theory
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The contingency theory best describes the current health care delivery systems. Contingency theory emphasizes that there is no one best way to organize or manage, and the effectiveness of an organization is contingent upon internal and external factors. In healthcare, the delivery systems must often adapt and be flexible in response to various factors like patient needs, technological advancements, and regulatory changes. Open system theory focuses on the interaction between a system and its environment, but it does not capture the dynamic and adaptive nature of current healthcare systems. Closed system theory suggests systems are self-contained and do not interact with the environment, which is not accurate for healthcare systems that constantly interact with patients, providers, and external factors. Chaos theory deals with complex systems and unpredictability, which while relevant to some aspects of healthcare, does not provide a comprehensive framework for understanding healthcare delivery systems.
5. The client is receiving digoxin and complains of nausea. What is the nurse’s priority action?
- A. Check the client’s digoxin level.
- B. Continue the current dose of digoxin.
- C. Administer an antiemetic for nausea.
- D. Discontinue the digoxin immediately.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to check the client’s digoxin level (Choice A). Nausea can be a sign of digoxin toxicity, so assessing the digoxin level is crucial to determine if the medication dosage needs adjustment. Continuing the current dose of digoxin (Choice B) may worsen the symptoms if toxicity is present. Administering an antiemetic (Choice C) may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying issue of digoxin toxicity. Discontinuing digoxin immediately (Choice D) without assessing the digoxin level can be harmful if the medication is within the therapeutic range.