Nursing Elites

1. After routine patient contact, how long should hand washing last at least?

• A. 30 seconds
• B. 1 minute
• C. 2 minutes
• D. 3 minutes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Proper hand washing for 30 seconds is recommended after routine patient contact as it effectively removes pathogens. This duration ensures thorough cleaning without excessive time consumption, promoting infection control and prevention.

2. Which of the following conditions may necessitate fluid restriction?

• A. Fever
• B. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• C. Renal Failure
• D. Dehydration

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Renal failure often necessitates fluid restriction to prevent fluid overload. In renal failure, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and excrete excess fluids, leading to fluid accumulation in the body. Restricting fluid intake helps manage this condition by preventing further fluid buildup and complications such as edema and electrolyte imbalances.

3. After 1 week of hospitalization, Mr. Gray develops hypokalemia. Which of the following is the most significant symptom of his disorder?

• A. Lethargy
• B. Increased pulse rate and blood pressure
• C. Muscle weakness
• D. Muscle irritability

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Muscle weakness is a hallmark symptom of hypokalemia. Hypokalemia refers to low levels of potassium in the blood, which can affect muscle function. The decreased potassium levels can lead to muscle weakness, cramping, and even paralysis. These symptoms can impact various muscle groups in the body, making muscle weakness the most significant symptom to monitor and address in patients with hypokalemia.

4. Which of the following principles of primary nursing has proven the most satisfying to the patient and nurse?

• A. Administer oxygen by Venturi mask at 24% as needed
• B. Allow a 1-hour rest period between activities
• C. Patients and nurses both respond well to primary nursing care units
• D. Studies have shown that patients and nurses both respond well to primary nursing care units

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Primary nursing care units have been proven to be highly satisfying for both patients and nurses. This model promotes a consistent and continuous relationship between a patient and a primary nurse, leading to improved communication, personalized care, and overall satisfaction for both parties involved.

5. Which of the following clusters of data belong to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

• A. Love and belonging
• B. Physiological needs
• C. Self-actualization
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology that categorizes human needs into five levels: physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness, esteem needs, and self-actualization. 'Love and belonging' corresponds to the third level, 'Physiological needs' to the first level, and 'Self-actualization' to the highest level. Therefore, all the clusters listed in the choices are part of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Selecting 'All of the above' (option D) is the correct answer as it includes all the clusters associated with Maslow's theory.

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