Nursing Elites

1. After routine patient contact, how long should hand washing last at least?

• A. 30 seconds
• B. 1 minute
• C. 2 minutes
• D. 3 minutes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Proper hand washing for 30 seconds is recommended after routine patient contact as it effectively removes pathogens. This duration ensures thorough cleaning without excessive time consumption, promoting infection control and prevention.

2. The correct method for determining the vastus lateralis site for I.M. injection is to:

• A. Locate the upper aspect of the upper outer quadrant of the buttock about 5 to 8 cm below the iliac crest
• B. Palpate the lower edge of the acromion process and the midpoint lateral aspect of the arm
• C. Palpate a 1” circular area anterior to the umbilicus
• D. Divide the area between the greater femoral trochanter and the lateral femoral condyle into thirds, and select the middle third on the anterior of the thigh

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The vastus lateralis site is located in the middle third of the thigh.

3. In Maslow’s hierarchy of physiological needs, the human need of greatest priority is:

• A. Love
• B. Elimination
• C. Nutrition
• D. Oxygen

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In Maslow’s hierarchy of physiological needs, the most basic and immediate need is physiological survival, which includes the need for oxygen. Without oxygen, the body cannot survive for more than a few minutes, making it the highest priority physiological need according to Maslow's hierarchy.

4. A caregiver is caring for a 5-month-old infant who has manifestations of severe dehydration and a prescription for parenteral fluid therapy. The caregiver asks, 'What are the indications that my baby needs an IV?' Which of the following responses should the caregiver make?

• A. Your baby needs an IV because she is not producing any tears
• B. Your baby needs an IV because her fontanels are bulging
• C. Your baby needs an IV because she is breathing slower than normal
• D. Your baby needs an IV because her heart rate is decreasing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct response is A: 'Your baby needs an IV because she is not producing any tears.' In infants, the inability to produce tears is a sign of severe dehydration. This is a crucial indication for the need for intravenous (IV) fluid therapy to rehydrate the infant. While the other options may also be symptoms of dehydration, the absence of tears is a more direct and specific indicator requiring immediate attention and intervention.

5. A healthcare provider is caring for a client following a thoracentesis. Which of the following manifestations should the healthcare provider NOT recognize as risks for complications?

• A. Dyspnea
• B. Localized bloody drainage on the dressing
• C. Fever
• D. Hypotension

Correct answer: B

Rationale: After a thoracentesis, some expected complications include dyspnea, fever, and hypotension. Localized bloody drainage on the dressing is a common and expected finding post-thoracentesis due to the procedure's nature of puncturing the chest wall. Therefore, the healthcare provider should not consider this finding as a risk for complications.

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