Nursing Elites

1. After a vaginal examination, the nurse determines that the client’s fetus is in an occiput posterior position. The nurse would anticipate that the client will have:

• A. A precipitous birth
• B. Intense back pain
• C. Frequent leg cramps
• D. Nausea and vomiting

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

2. In obtaining a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity on a catheterized patient, the nurse is correct if:

• A. Clamp the catheter for 30 minutes, Alcoholize the tube above the clamp site, Obtain a sterile syringe and draw the
• B. Alcoholize the self sealing port, obtain a sterile syringe and draw the specimen on the self sealing port
• C. Disconnect the drainage bag, obtain a sterile syringe and draw the specimen from the drainage bag
• D. Disconnect the tube, obtain a sterile syringe and draw the specimen from the tube

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. Which of the following best describes Primary Nursing?

• A. Assigning a nurse to lead a team of registered nurses in the care of a patient from admission to discharge
• B. Assigning a nurse to perform administrative tasks in a healthcare setting
• C. Assigning a nurse to provide medical treatment without supervision
• D. Assigning a nurse to be the main caregiver responsible for coordinating all aspects of care for a group of patients

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Primary Nursing involves assigning a dedicated nurse to lead a team of registered nurses in the care of a patient from admission to discharge. This approach ensures continuity and personalized care. Choices B and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe Primary Nursing. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to a different care delivery model.

4. What effect does the use of a hot compress have, as explained to Ronnie who has been prescribed pain medication?

• A. It produces an anesthetic effect
• B. It increases nutrition in the blood to promote wound healing
• C. It increases oxygenation to the injured tissues for better healing
• D. It induces vasoconstriction to prevent infection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'It produces an anesthetic effect.' Hot compresses can help alleviate pain by producing an anesthetic effect, which numbs the area. Choice B is incorrect because a hot compress does not directly increase nutrition in the blood to promote wound healing. Choice C is also incorrect because a hot compress primarily aids in pain relief rather than increasing oxygenation to the tissues for enhanced healing. Choice D is incorrect because hot compresses typically lead to vasodilation, not vasoconstriction, which aids in promoting blood flow rather than preventing infection. Safe and effective patient care relies on actions based on established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. What is the primary function of antioxidants in the diet?

• A. Provide energy
• B. Support muscle growth
• C. Neutralize free radicals
• D. Increase blood sugar

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of antioxidants in the diet is to neutralize free radicals. Free radicals can cause cellular damage, leading to various chronic diseases. Antioxidants help combat this oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because antioxidants do not provide energy, support muscle growth, or increase blood sugar; their main role is in combating oxidative stress.

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