Nursing Elites

1. After 3 days, the nurse notes that James has chest indrawing and stridor. His mother returned him to the health center immediately. The nurse should:

• A. Change the medication to the second-line antibiotics
• B. Advise the mother to observe the child and continue giving the antibiotics
• C. Give the first dose of antibiotics and refer urgently
• D. Observe the child at the center

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the scenario described, the presence of chest indrawing and stridor indicates respiratory distress, which requires immediate attention. Giving the first dose of antibiotics and referring urgently is the correct course of action to ensure prompt and appropriate management of the child's condition.

2. Which action is an example of primary prevention?

• A. Administering immunizations to prevent disease
• B. Providing treatment for acute illnesses
• C. Conducting health screenings
• D. Offering rehabilitation services

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering immunizations to prevent disease is a clear example of primary prevention. Primary prevention focuses on preventing diseases before they occur by implementing measures such as vaccinations to reduce the risk of illness in individuals and communities.

3. Why is environmental health more challenging than other variables related to an individual’s health?

• A. Environmental health affects susceptible individuals more than groups.
• B. Environmental health demands that individuals be willing to change their beliefs.
• C. Environmental health is dependent on social neighborhoods and geography.
• D. Environmental health requires social, economic, and political changes to improve.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Improving environmental health necessitates broader changes beyond individual actions, including social, economic, and political transformations to address root causes of environmental issues. These changes are crucial for sustainable improvements in environmental health outcomes.

4. Which best describes an outcome of successful health promotion?

• A. Reduced incidence of chronic diseases
• B. Increased health care costs
• C. Improved patient compliance
• D. Decreased use of emergency services

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reduced incidence of chronic diseases. Successful health promotion aims to prevent diseases and improve health outcomes, leading to a decrease in the occurrence of chronic conditions. This outcome reflects positive changes in health behaviors and conditions, ultimately contributing to better overall health in populations.

5. What is a common challenge in community health nursing?

• A. Limited resources
• B. High patient caseloads
• C. Cultural barriers
• D. Changing health behaviors

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Limited resources are a common challenge in community health nursing as they can impact the ability to deliver comprehensive care. This challenge can include financial constraints, lack of supplies, and inadequate staffing levels, all of which can hinder the provision of effective healthcare services to the community.

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