according to john watson behavior is governed primarily by

ATI RN

Psychological Exam

1. According to John Watson, behavior is governed primarily by?

A. Heredity.
B. Personal motives.
C. The environment.
D. Unconscious desires.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to John Watson, behavior is primarily governed by environmental factors. Watson was a behaviorist who emphasized the influence of the environment on behavior. He believed that behavior is shaped by external stimuli and experiences, rather than internal factors like heredity or unconscious desires. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with Watson's perspective on behaviorism.

2. Finding meaning in life and dealing with death form core values in which of the following perspectives?

A. Existential
B. Humanistic
C. Behavioral
D. Object Relations

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Existential. Existentialism is a philosophical perspective that emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice. It focuses on finding meaning in life and dealing with fundamental issues such as death. This perspective is characterized by concepts like authenticity, responsibility, and the search for purpose. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they may address certain aspects of human behavior or relationships, they do not specifically emphasize the search for meaning and the confrontation with death as core values.

3. Which of the following characteristics best describes differences between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa?

A. Individuals with anorexia nervosa do not have as severe health risks as individuals with bulimia nervosa have.
B. Individuals with bulimia nervosa may have a normal body weight.
C. Individuals with anorexia nervosa have been known to binge like those with bulimia nervosa on occasion.
D. Only those with bulimia nervosa display compensatory behaviors.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Individuals with bulimia nervosa may maintain a normal body weight, while anorexia nervosa is often associated with severe underweight. Choice A is incorrect because individuals with anorexia nervosa actually face severe health risks due to malnutrition, electrolyte imbalances, and other complications. Choice C is incorrect as anorexia nervosa is characterized by restriction of food intake rather than binge eating. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with anorexia nervosa can also display compensatory behaviors such as excessive exercise or fasting.

4. What is the biopsychosocial model?

A. A model that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding mental disorders.
B. A model that emphasizes the interaction between biological and psychological factors, excluding social influences.
C. The biopsychosocial model emphasizes only psychological factors in mental disorders.
D. The biopsychosocial model is a purely biological approach to mental health.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The biopsychosocial model is a comprehensive approach that considers biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding mental disorders. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes how this model integrates these three factors. Choice B is incorrect as it excludes social influences from the model. Choice C is incorrect because it states that the model only emphasizes psychological factors, which is not true. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests that the model is purely biological, which is also inaccurate.

5. Which theoretical orientation insisted on the verifiability of observation?

A. Structuralism.
B. Functionalism.
C. Behaviorism.
D. Psychoanalysis.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Behaviorism. Behaviorism emphasizes observable and measurable behaviors, making it essential for observations to be verifiable. Structuralism (A) focuses on the structure of the mind, not verifiability of observations. Functionalism (B) emphasizes the functions of the mind rather than verification of observations. Psychoanalysis (D) delves into the unconscious mind and conflicts, not specifically on the verifiability of observations.