Nursing Elites

1. Why is a precise amount of oxygen necessary for a patient with COPD to prevent which complication?

• A. Cardiac arrest related to increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2)
• B. Circulatory overload due to hypervolemia
• C. Respiratory excitement
• D. Inhibition of the respiratory hypoxic stimulus

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In patients with COPD, the respiratory drive is often stimulated by low oxygen levels. Administering too much oxygen can inhibit this hypoxic drive, leading to respiratory depression and potential respiratory failure. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully regulate the oxygen therapy to prevent the inhibition of the respiratory hypoxic stimulus in COPD patients.

2. Which of the following clusters of data belong to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

• A. Love and belonging
• B. Physiological needs
• C. Self-actualization
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology that categorizes human needs into five levels: physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness, esteem needs, and self-actualization. 'Love and belonging' corresponds to the third level, 'Physiological needs' to the first level, and 'Self-actualization' to the highest level. Therefore, all the clusters listed in the choices are part of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Selecting 'All of the above' (option D) is the correct answer as it includes all the clusters associated with Maslow's theory.

3. What do high-pitched gurgles heard over the right lower quadrant indicate?

• A. Increased bowel motility
• B. Decreased bowel motility
• C. Normal bowel sounds
• D. Abdominal cramping

Correct answer: C

Rationale: High-pitched gurgles heard over the right lower quadrant indicate normal bowel sounds. Bowel sounds can vary in pitch, and high-pitched gurgles are considered normal and indicate the presence of active peristalsis in the intestines.

4. Which of the following parameters should be checked when assessing respirations?

• A. Rate
• B. Rhythm
• C. Symmetry
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When assessing respirations, it is essential to evaluate the rate at which breaths are taken, the rhythm of breathing patterns, and the symmetry of chest expansion. Each of these parameters provides valuable information about a person's respiratory status. Therefore, it is important to assess all of the listed parameters to have a comprehensive understanding of the individual's respiratory function.

5. How many drops are equivalent to 1 tsp?

• A. 15
• B. 60
• C. 10
• D. 30

Correct answer: B

Rationale: 1 teaspoon (tsp) is equivalent to approximately 60 drops. Drops and teaspoons vary in volume and size, affecting the conversion ratio. Choice A (15 drops) is incorrect as it's a common misconception. Choice C (10 drops) and Choice D (30 drops) do not align with the standard conversion of 1 tsp to 60 drops.

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