ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023
1. What is a likely effect on a patient whose lab results reveal hypoalbuminemia?
- A. Infection
- B. Rickets
- C. Hypertension
- D. Edema
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hypoalbuminemia, which refers to low albumin levels in the blood, is often associated with edema. Albumin helps maintain oncotic pressure, which keeps fluid within blood vessels. When albumin levels are low, this pressure decreases, leading to fluid leakage from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, resulting in edema. The other choices are less likely effects of hypoalbuminemia. Hypoalbuminemia doesn't directly cause infections (Choice A), rickets (Choice B) caused by vitamin D deficiency, or hypertension (Choice C) associated with factors like high sodium intake, obesity, and genetic predisposition.
2. The nurse’s most unique tool in working with the emotionally ill client is his/her
- A. theoretical knowledge
- B. personality make up
- C. emotional reactions
- D. communication skills
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
3. A person who consumes mostly pre-packaged meals is likely consuming too much ____.
- A. iron
- B. zinc
- C. sodium
- D. riboflavin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Pre-packaged meals often contain high levels of sodium, which can contribute to hypertension and other health issues when consumed in excess.
4. Select all that apply. What are the potential consequences of damage to the stomach?
- A. Reduced digestion of carbohydrates
- B. Inability to produce or secrete bile
- C. Inability to produce or secrete gastric acid
- D. Inability to produce or secrete intrinsic factor
Correct answer: C, D
Rationale: Damage to the stomach can lead to a reduced ability to produce gastric acid (Choice C) and intrinsic factor, the latter of which is crucial for vitamin B12 absorption (Choice D). That's why these two choices are correct. The stomach doesn't play a direct role in the digestion of carbohydrates (Choice A) as this process primarily occurs in the small intestine with the help of pancreatic enzymes. Similarly, bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not the stomach, hence stomach damage wouldn't lead to an inability to produce or secrete bile (Choice B).
5. Which foods are the biggest contributors of saturated fats consumed by Americans?
- A. Butter, coconut, and palm oils
- B. Corn oil
- C. Meat and milk
- D. Cheese, pizza, desserts, and chicken
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cheese, pizza, desserts, and chicken. These foods are significant contributors to the intake of saturated fats in the American diet, often found in processed and fast foods. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while butter, coconut, and palm oils (A) are sources of saturated fats, they are not the biggest contributors in the American diet. Corn oil (B) is a source of unsaturated fats, and meat and milk (C) contain saturated fats but are not the primary contributors compared to cheese, pizza, desserts, and chicken.