ATI RN
ATI Mental Health Practice A
1. A patient with bipolar disorder is prescribed lithium. Which dietary advice should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid foods high in tyramine.
- B. Maintain a consistent salt intake.
- C. Increase protein intake.
- D. Avoid foods high in fat.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Patients prescribed lithium should maintain a consistent salt intake. Fluctuations in salt intake can impact lithium levels, potentially leading to toxicity or reduced effectiveness of the medication. It is crucial for patients to adhere to a stable salt intake while taking lithium to ensure optimal treatment outcomes. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding foods high in tyramine is more relevant for patients on MAOIs, not lithium. Increasing protein intake or avoiding foods high in fat are not specific dietary recommendations for patients taking lithium.
2. Which of the following has the greatest effect on an increase in body weight?
- A. Carbohydrate intake
- B. Protein intake
- C. Fat intake
- D. Total kilocalories
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Total kilocalories have the greatest effect on body weight as they represent the overall energy intake from all macronutrients combined. While the consumption of specific macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can affect weight management, the total calories consumed play the most significant role in determining body weight. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they focus on individual macronutrients rather than the overall energy balance provided by total kilocalories.
3. Toilet training occurs in the anal stage of Freud’s psychosexual development. This is equivalent to Erikson’s:
- A. Trust vs. Mistrust
- B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
- C. Initiative vs. Guilt
- D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Trust vs. Mistrust. In Freud's psychosexual development theory, the anal stage is where toilet training occurs, focusing on issues of control and independence. This stage is parallel to Erikson's Trust vs. Mistrust stage, where infants learn to trust or mistrust their caregivers based on the consistency of care they receive. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they correspond to different stages in Erikson's psychosocial development theory, not related to toilet training or the anal stage of Freud's theory.
4. For abdominal inspection, in which of the following positions should a patient be placed?
- A. Prone
- B. Trendelenburg
- C. Supine
- D. Side-lying
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The supine position is ideal for abdominal inspection as it allows the healthcare provider to easily access and examine the abdomen. In the supine position, the patient lies flat on their back with arms at their sides, providing a clear view and access to the abdominal area for inspection.
5. After signing an informed consent form, a client states, 'I have changed my mind and do not want to have the procedure.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Suggest that family members discuss the importance of the surgery with the client
- B. Notify the surgeon that the client wishes to withdraw informed consent for the procedure
- C. Document the risks of refusing the procedure in the client's medical record
- D. Discuss the benefits of the procedure with the client
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take in this situation is to notify the surgeon that the client wishes to withdraw informed consent for the procedure. This ensures that the client's right to refuse treatment is respected. Choice A is incorrect because involving family members in this decision could violate the client's autonomy. Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the immediate need to respect the client's decision. Choice D is also incorrect as the client has clearly stated their refusal of the procedure.
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