ATI RN
ATI Pathophysiology
1. What important point should the nurse emphasize about taking oral contraceptives consistently?
- A. Oral contraceptives must be taken at the same time each day to maintain consistent hormone levels and ensure effectiveness in preventing pregnancy.
- B. Oral contraceptives should be taken in the morning to avoid side effects at night.
- C. Oral contraceptives should be taken with food to enhance absorption.
- D. Oral contraceptives can be skipped occasionally without significant consequences.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. It is crucial for patients taking oral contraceptives to take them at the same time each day to maintain consistent hormone levels, which is essential for their effectiveness in preventing pregnancy. Choice B is incorrect as the timing of the medication is more about consistency than avoiding side effects at night. Choice C is incorrect as oral contraceptives do not necessarily need to be taken with food for absorption. Choice D is incorrect because skipping oral contraceptives occasionally can significantly reduce their effectiveness in preventing pregnancy.
2. The parent of a 2-week-old infant asks the nurse if fluoride supplements are necessary because the infant is exclusively breastfed. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. The infant needs to begin taking them now.
- B. Supplements are not needed if you drink fluoridated water.
- C. The infant may need to begin taking them at age 6 months.
- D. The infant can have infant cereal mixed with fluoridated water instead of supplements.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Breastfed infants may need fluoride supplements starting at 6 months if they are not receiving fluoride from other sources, such as drinking water.
3. A young adult patient has received the news that her treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma has been deemed successful and that no further treatment is necessary at this time. The care team should ensure that the patient receives regular health assessments in the future due to the risk of what complication?
- A. Iron-deficiency anemia
- B. Hemophilia
- C. Hematologic cancers
- D. Genitourinary cancers
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hematologic cancers. Survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma are at a high risk of developing second cancers, with hematologic cancers being the most common complication. Regular health assessments are crucial for early detection and management. Iron-deficiency anemia (A) is not a typical long-term complication of Hodgkin lymphoma treatment. Hemophilia (B) is a genetic bleeding disorder unrelated to Hodgkin lymphoma. Genitourinary cancers (D) are not the most common complication seen in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma.
4. A client has experienced a right-hemispheric stroke. Which of the following is not an expected finding?
- A. Impulse control difficulty
- B. Left hemiplegia
- C. Loss of depth perception
- D. Aphasia
Correct answer: Aphasia
Rationale: In a right-hemispheric stroke, the expected findings include left-sided hemiplegia (Choice B), loss of depth perception (Choice C), and impulse control difficulty (Choice A). Aphasia (Choice D) is typically associated with left-hemispheric strokes. Therefore, aphasia is not an expected finding in a client who has experienced a right-hemispheric stroke.
5. At which age should the nurse expect most infants to begin to say mama and dada with meaning?
- A. 4 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 10 months
- D. 14 months
Correct answer: C
Rationale: By around 10 months, infants often start to say "mama" and "dada" with meaning, associating these words with their parents.
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