Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about dietary needs. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as being the lowest in phosphorus?

• A. Medium apple
• B. Bran cereal
• C. Scrambled eggs
• D. Ground turkey

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Apples are low in phosphorus, making them a suitable option for clients with chronic kidney disease.

2. A nurse is planning care for a client who practices Islam and is currently observing dietary restrictions for the month of Ramadan. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• A. Remove beef products from the dietary plan
• B. Facilitate fasting during daylight hours
• C. Serve meat and dairy items separately
• D. Provide a strictly vegetarian diet on Fridays

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Facilitating fasting during daylight hours respects the dietary practices of clients observing Ramadan.

3. A nurse is preparing to teach a group of clients about vitamins and minerals. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following minerals is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses?

• A. Phosphorus
• B. Calcium
• C. Chloride
• D. Zinc

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Calcium is essential for nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. It is a crucial mineral that plays a vital role in the proper functioning of the nervous system. Phosphorus is important for bone health and energy production but is not directly involved in nerve impulse transmission. Chloride is an electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance but is not primarily responsible for nerve impulse transmission. Zinc is essential for immune function, wound healing, and DNA synthesis but is not directly related to nerve impulse transmission.

4. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a body mass index of 28. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Encourage the client to continue current daily caloric intake.
• B. Recommend a total fiber intake of 12g each day.
• C. Advise the client to add 500 calories per day to the diet.
• D. Refer the client to a weight-loss support group.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Referring the client to a weight-loss support group can provide the necessary support and motivation to achieve weight loss goals.

5. A nurse is teaching a nutrition class for clients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements should the nurse include about management of acute illness?

• A. Consume carbs every 3-4 hrs
• B. Decrease fluid intake to 1000 mL per day
• C. Monitor blood glucose twice per day
• D. Check urine for ketones every 24 hrs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Consuming carbohydrates every 3-4 hours helps manage blood glucose levels during acute illness for clients with type 2 diabetes.

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