Nursing Elites

1. A parent of an infant with congenital hypothyroidism is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Your child will need to take medication for a few months
• B. You will need to give your child the medication every other day
• C. Your child will need to take the medication until age 10
• D. Your child will need to take the medication for life

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Congenital hypothyroidism requires lifelong medication to manage the condition effectively. The nurse should emphasize to the parent that their child will need to take the medication for life to ensure proper thyroid hormone levels and prevent complications associated with hypothyroidism.

2. A neonate with a meningomyelocele is scheduled for surgery in the morning. Which nursing action is appropriate for this neonate?

• A. Applying a diaper to prevent contamination of the sac
• B. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position
• C. Encouraging the mother to hold the newborn because she will not be able to pick him up after surgery
• D. Positioning the newborn in a prone position

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Positioning the newborn in a prone position is appropriate for a neonate with a meningomyelocele before surgery. Placing the newborn in this position helps prevent pressure on the sac, reducing the risk of damaging it and promoting optimal surgical outcomes. Applying a diaper (choice A) may not be recommended as it can increase pressure on the sac. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position (choice B) or encouraging the mother to hold the newborn (choice C) are not ideal actions before surgery as they do not address the specific needs of a neonate with a meningomyelocele.

3. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding of the process involved with a kidney transplant for a child with renal failure?

• A. We are happy that our child will not have to take any more medicine after the transplant.
• B. We understand that our child will not be at risk anymore for catching colds from other children at school.
• C. We will be glad that we will not have to bring our child in to see the doctor again.
• D. We know it is important to ensure that our child takes prescribed medications after the transplant.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because parents should understand the importance of medication adherence post-transplant to prevent rejection. Following the prescribed medication regimen is crucial for the success of the kidney transplant and the overall health of the child. Monitoring and ensuring the child takes their medications as directed by the healthcare provider are essential components of post-transplant care. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not address the critical aspect of medication management post-transplant, which is vital for the child's well-being and the success of the procedure.

4. Which question does not provide information regarding the family's cultural values?

• A. Who makes the decisions?
• B. What is the child's date of birth?
• C. What are the daily routines and rules of mealtime?
• D. What do the parents believe about disability?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Asking for the child's date of birth is a factual question that does not directly relate to the family's cultural values. Choices A, C, and D delve into aspects that could offer insights into the family's cultural values and beliefs. Question A explores decision-making dynamics within the family, which can be influenced by cultural norms. Question C inquires about daily routines and mealtime rules, which often reflect cultural practices and values. Question D relates to the parents' beliefs about disability, which can be shaped by cultural, religious, or societal perspectives. Therefore, these questions are more likely to provide information about the family's cultural values compared to the child's date of birth.

5. A toddler in the emergency department has partial thickness burns on his right arm. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Insert a nasogastric tube
• B. Initiate prophylactic antibiotic therapy
• C. Cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water
• D. Apply a topical corticosteroid to the affected area

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a toddler has partial thickness burns, the nurse should cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water. This action helps remove any loose tissue that could lead to infection and prepares the area for appropriate wound care. Inserting a nasogastric tube (Choice A) is not indicated for a toddler with burns. Initiating prophylactic antibiotic therapy (Choice B) is not necessary for partial thickness burns unless there are signs of infection. Applying a topical corticosteroid (Choice D) is not recommended for initial management of burns as it can delay wound healing.

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