ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam
1. When teaching about electrical fire prevention at a community health fair, which of the following information should be included?
- A. Use three-pronged grounded plugs.
- B. Cover extension cords with a rug.
- C. Check for tingling sensations around the cord to ensure electricity is working.
- D. Remove the plug from the socket by pulling the plug, not the cord.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to use three-pronged grounded plugs because they are safer and reduce the risk of electrical fires. Option B is incorrect as covering extension cords with a rug can pose a fire hazard. Option C is incorrect; tingling sensations around a cord indicate an electrical issue, not proper functioning. Option D is unsafe; plugs should be removed from the socket by pulling the plug, not the cord, to prevent damage and reduce the risk of electrical hazards.
2. What is the best position for examining the rectum?
- A. Prone
- B. Sim's
- C. Knee-chest
- D. Lithotomy
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The knee-chest position is the most optimal position for examining the rectum. In this position, the patient kneels on the examination table with their chest resting on it, creating a straight line from the head to the lower back. This position allows for easier access and visualization of the rectal area, making it the preferred choice for rectal examinations. Prone position (choice A) is lying face down and is not ideal for rectal exams as it does not provide good access. Sim's position (choice B) is lying on the left side with the right knee and thigh flexed, also not ideal for rectal exams. Lithotomy position (choice D) is lying on the back with legs flexed and feet in stirrups, primarily used for gynecological exams and surgery, not for rectal examinations.
3. Which action would break sterile technique while preparing a sterile field for a dressing change?
- A. Using sterile forceps instead of sterile gloves to handle a sterile item
- B. Touching the outside wrapper of sterilized material without sterile gloves
- C. Placing a sterile object at the edge of the sterile field
- D. Pouring out a small amount of solution (15 to 30 ml) before pouring it into a sterile container
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Touching the outside wrapper of sterilized material without sterile gloves can introduce contaminants and compromise the sterility of the item. It is crucial to maintain strict adherence to sterile technique to prevent infections and ensure patient safety during procedures.
4. A healthcare provider is performing a gastric lavage for a client who has upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Which of the following actions should the healthcare provider take?
- A. Instill 500 ml of solution through the NG tube.
- B. Insert a large-bore NG tube.
- C. Use a cold irrigation solution.
- D. Instruct the client to lie on their right side.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: During a gastric lavage procedure for upper gastrointestinal bleeding, inserting a large-bore NG tube is essential to effectively remove gastric contents and blood. This tube allows for efficient irrigation and suction, aiding in the removal of harmful substances from the stomach. Instilling a large volume of solution or using a cold irrigation solution can lead to complications such as fluid overload or hypothermia. Instructing the client to lie on their right side is not directly related to the gastric lavage procedure.
5. When assessing a client with a history of asthma, which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a risk for asthma?
- A. Gender
- B. Environmental allergies
- C. Alcohol
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When assessing a client with a history of asthma, the nurse should identify environmental allergies as a risk factor for asthma. Environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, mold, and pet dander can trigger asthma symptoms and exacerbate the condition. Gender, alcohol consumption, and other factors may not directly contribute to the development or exacerbation of asthma.
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