Nursing Elites

1. A client is being taught by a nurse about the correct use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). What instruction should the nurse include?

• A. Inhale for 1 second
• B. Hold the inhaler 1-2 inches from the mouth
• C. Exhale immediately after inhaling
• D. Hold the inhaler directly at the lips

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include when teaching a client about using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is to hold the inhaler 1-2 inches from the mouth. This distance ensures proper delivery of the medication into the airways. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because inhaling for a specific duration, exhaling immediately after inhaling, or holding the inhaler directly at the lips are not recommended practices for the correct use of an MDI.

2. A healthcare professional is preparing to transfer a client from a chair to the bed. The client can bear partial weight and has upper body strength. Which device should the professional use?

• A. Gait belt
• B. Mechanical lift
• C. Stand-assist lift
• D. Slide board

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A stand-assist lift is the most suitable device for transferring a client who can bear partial weight and has upper body strength. This lift provides support and assistance for clients to stand up and be safely transferred. A gait belt is used for providing support during walking or transferring short distances for clients who need minimal assistance with balance and strength. A mechanical lift is typically used for clients who are non-weight bearing or have limited weight-bearing capacity. A slide board is utilized for transferring clients who are unable to bear weight on their legs and need assistance in sliding from one surface to another.

3. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer multiple medications to a client with dysphagia. What action should the healthcare professional take?

• A. Offer the medications with a full glass of water
• B. Crush the medications and mix them together
• C. Provide the medications through a straw
• D. Mix the medications with applesauce

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Clients with dysphagia have difficulty swallowing, so providing medications through a straw can help control the flow and prevent aspiration. Offering medications with a full glass of water (Choice A) may increase the risk of aspiration. Crushing medications and mixing them together (Choice B) can alter the medication's effectiveness or cause adverse effects. Mixing medications with applesauce (Choice D) may also present a choking hazard for clients with dysphagia.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who reports pain and burning around the peripheral IV site. What is the nurse's priority action?

• A. Apply a warm compress
• B. Discontinue the IV line
• C. Increase the IV flow rate
• D. Elevate the limb

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Discontinue the IV line. When a client reports pain and burning around the peripheral IV site, it indicates possible phlebitis, which is inflammation of the vein. The priority action is to discontinue the IV line to prevent further complications such as infection or thrombosis. Applying a warm compress (Choice A) may worsen the inflammation. Increasing the IV flow rate (Choice C) can exacerbate the symptoms and elevate the risk of complications. Elevating the limb (Choice D) may provide comfort, but it does not address the underlying issue of phlebitis. Therefore, the priority action is to discontinue the IV line.

5. A client scheduled for cataract surgery tells the nurse, 'I see just fine and have decided to cancel my surgery.' What should the nurse do?

• A. Proceed with the surgery as planned
• B. Document the refusal and inform the surgeon
• C. Explain the benefits of the surgery
• D. Respect the client's decision

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should explain the benefits of the surgery to the client. By providing more information, the client may reconsider their decision after understanding the positive impact the surgery could have on their vision. Proceeding with the surgery against the client's wishes (Choice A) is not ethical and goes against the principle of autonomy. While documenting the refusal and informing the surgeon (Choice B) is important for the client's medical record, it is crucial to first try to educate the client about the benefits. Simply respecting the client's decision (Choice D) without attempting to provide more information may not be in the client's best interest.

Similar Questions