a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for enalapril which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct th

ATI RN

ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet

1. A client has a new prescription for Enalapril. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor?

A. Dry cough.
B. Hyperglycemia.
C. Weight gain.
D. Increased urination.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry cough. A common adverse effect of Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, is a persistent dry cough. This occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin. It is essential for the client to monitor for this side effect and report it to their healthcare provider promptly. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because hyperglycemia, weight gain, and increased urination are not typically associated with Enalapril use.

2. Why is it important to monitor ins and outs in patients using ACE inhibitors?

A. To assess for renal impairment
B. To ensure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake
C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure
D. To assess for NSAID use

Correct answer: A

Rationale: It is crucial to monitor ins and outs in patients using ACE inhibitors to assess for renal impairment. ACE inhibitors can affect renal function, potentially leading to renal impairment. Monitoring the patient's fluid balance helps in early recognition of any renal issues and allows for timely interventions to prevent complications.

3. A client starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV infection is being educated by a nurse on preventing medication resistance. What information should the nurse provide the client about resistance?

A. Taking low dosages of antiretroviral medication minimizes resistance.
B. Taking one antiretroviral medication at a time minimizes resistance.
C. Taking medication at the same time daily without missing doses minimizes resistance.
D. Changing the medication regimen when adverse effects occur minimizes resistance.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To prevent the development of medication resistance, it is crucial for the client to take antiretroviral medication consistently at the same time daily without missing doses. This practice helps maintain effective drug levels in the body, reducing the risk of resistance development.

4. Which of the following is the antidote for lead poisoning?

A. Naloxone
B. Nitrite
C. CaEDTA
D. Dialysis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaEDTA) is the antidote for lead poisoning. CaEDTA works by chelating lead, forming a complex that is then excreted in the urine. It is used in chelation therapy to treat lead poisoning by reducing lead levels in the body.

5. Which of the following is not a side effect of the vasodilator Nifedipine?

A. Nausea
B. Flushed appearance
C. Vertigo
D. Sexual dysfunction

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is not a common side effect of vasodilators such as Nifedipine. Nausea, flushed appearance, and vertigo are more commonly reported side effects associated with this medication. It's essential for healthcare providers to be aware of the potential side effects to monitor and manage them effectively in patients prescribed with Nifedipine.