ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology Test
1. A client has a new prescription for Efavirenz, an NNRTI. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime to prevent drowsiness.
- B. Take this medication with a glass of milk.
- C. Take this medication with a glass of juice.
- D. Take this medication at the same time every day.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction is to take Efavirenz at bedtime to prevent drowsiness and manage central nervous system side effects like dizziness and vivid dreams. While it is important to take the medication at the same time daily for consistent blood levels, the emphasis should be on bedtime to minimize the impact of these side effects. Choices B and C suggesting taking the medication with milk or juice are incorrect and not relevant to optimizing Efavirenz therapy.
2. Defense mechanisms ________.
- A. make a person feel more anxious and have more problems, as they begin to act defensively.
- B. are strategies the id uses to try to achieve its desires.
- C. are conscious, intentional attempts to cope effectively with an anxiety-producing event.
- D. help a person feel less anxious, but because they usually work by distorting reality, they are not always adaptive.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because defense mechanisms aim to reduce anxiety but can lead to distortion of reality, making them not always beneficial. Choice A is incorrect as defense mechanisms are meant to reduce anxiety, not increase it. Choice B is incorrect because defense mechanisms are not strategies of the id specifically. Choice C is incorrect as defense mechanisms are often unconscious and not always intentional.
3. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Have the client lie on their side.
- B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
- C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter their eye.
- D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When administering eye drops, it is essential to ask the client to look up at the ceiling. This position helps prevent the drops from falling onto the cornea, ensuring that the medication is properly absorbed without causing discomfort or irritation.
4. What is the term that describes the inability of cardiac cells to respond to a new stimulus while they are still in contraction from a previous stimulus?
- A. Refractoriness
- B. Excitability
- C. Contractility
- D. Automaticity
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Refractoriness is the correct term to describe the inability of cardiac cells to respond to a new stimulus while they are still in contraction from a previous stimulus. This period is essential for the heart to complete its contraction and relaxation phases without interference. Excitability refers to the ability of cells to respond to stimuli, not the inability to respond. Contractility is the force of cardiac muscle contraction, and automaticity is the ability of cardiac cells to generate electrical impulses spontaneously, which are not relevant to the described scenario.
5. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect in a child diagnosed with nephroblastoma?
- A. Atrial fibrillation
- B. Endocarditis
- C. Hyperlipidemia
- D. Hypertension
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Nephroblastoma, also known as Wilms' tumor, often causes hypertension due to its impact on the kidney, which plays a role in regulating blood pressure. Atrial fibrillation (choice A) and endocarditis (choice B) are not typically associated with nephroblastoma. Hyperlipidemia (choice C) is also not a common clinical manifestation of nephroblastoma.
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