Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for clopidogrel. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Avoid eating foods high in potassium.
• B. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
• C. Take this medication with a full glass of water.
• D. Take this medication with a full glass of water.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Clients taking clopidogrel should take the medication with a full glass of water to prevent gastrointestinal irritation. Choice A is incorrect because there is no specific recommendation to avoid foods high in potassium with clopidogrel. Choice B is unrelated to the medication's administration. Choice D is a duplication of choice C, providing no additional information.

2. A nurse is providing care to a client who has thrombocytopenia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Encourage the client to floss daily.
• B. Remove fresh flowers from the client's room.
• C. Provide the client with a stool softener.
• D. Avoid serving raw vegetables.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide the client with a stool softener. Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Providing the client with a stool softener helps prevent constipation, reduces the need for straining during bowel movements, and ultimately decreases the risk of bleeding. Choice A is incorrect as flossing daily does not directly address the issue of bleeding risk associated with thrombocytopenia. Choice B is incorrect as removing fresh flowers from the client's room is more related to the risk of infection rather than bleeding in thrombocytopenia. Choice D is incorrect as avoiding serving raw vegetables does not directly impact the risk of bleeding in clients with thrombocytopenia.

3. A client is prescribed furosemide and needs to consume potassium-rich foods. Which of the following foods should the client be advised to include in the diet?

• A. Grapes.
• B. Apples.
• C. Bananas.
• D. Rice.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bananas. Bananas are rich in potassium and should be included in the diet of clients taking furosemide, a potassium-wasting diuretic. Grapes, apples, and rice are not as high in potassium as bananas and would not be as effective in replenishing potassium levels in clients taking furosemide.

4. A nurse is planning care for a client who has unilateral paralysis and dysphagia following a right hemispheric stroke. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

• A. Place food on the left side of the client's mouth when they are ready to eat
• B. Provide assistance with the client's ADLs
• C. Maintain the client in an upright position
• D. Place the client's left arm on a pillow while they are sitting

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Placing the client's left arm on a pillow while they are sitting helps prevent shoulder displacement and provides support for the limb post-stroke. This positioning is important to maintain proper alignment and prevent complications. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because placing food on the left side of the mouth, providing total assistance with ADLs, and maintaining the client on bed rest do not directly address the specific needs related to unilateral paralysis and dysphagia post right hemispheric stroke.

5. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a client. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?

• A. Obtain the client's vital signs.
• B. Ensure the client's IV access is patent.
• C. Prime the IV tubing with 0.9% sodium chloride.
• D. Verify the client's identity.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Verifying the client's identity is the first crucial action the healthcare professional should take before administering a blood transfusion. This step ensures that the right blood is given to the right client, helping prevent errors. Obtaining vital signs, ensuring IV access, and priming IV tubing are important steps in the process but verifying the client's identity takes precedence for patient safety and accurate care delivery.

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