Nursing Elites

1. A client with a history of pancreatitis is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following food choices should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

• A. Noodles
• B. Vegetable Soup
• C. Baked Fish
• D. Cheddar cheese

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with pancreatitis should avoid high-fat foods like cheddar cheese as they can exacerbate symptoms due to the organ's role in fat digestion. Noodles, vegetable soup, and baked fish are generally considered to be lower in fat content and are thus safer choices for individuals with pancreatitis.

2. Which of the following provides the least amount of potassium?

• A. broccoli
• B. potatoes
• C. bananas
• D. cheese

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cheese provides less potassium compared to broccoli, potatoes, and bananas, which are all rich in this essential mineral.

3. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has just learned that she has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should explain that which of the following sweeteners will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count?

• A. Sorbitol
• B. Sucralose
• C. Aspartame
• D. Acesulfame potassium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sorbitol is a sweetener that will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count. It is a sugar alcohol that provides about 2.6 calories per gram. Sucralose, aspartame, and acesulfame potassium are all non-nutritive sweeteners that do not contribute significant calories to the diet. Sucralose is about 600 times sweeter than sucrose but does not add calories. Aspartame is a low-calorie sweetener that is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and acesulfame potassium is a calorie-free sweetener.

4. A nurse is providing teaching about food allergies to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as highest risk for allergies in toddlers?

• A. Eggs
• B. Milk
• C. Bananas
• D. Citrus fruits

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eggs. Eggs are one of the most common food allergens in toddlers and should be introduced carefully. Milk (choice B) is also a common allergen but is typically introduced earlier in a child's diet. Bananas (choice C) and citrus fruits (choice D) are less likely to cause allergic reactions compared to eggs.

5. Which type of diabetes is often associated with a BMI greater than 25 and an increased percentage of body fat, particularly in the abdominal region, contributing to insulin resistance?

• A. Type 1 Diabetes
• B. Type 2 Diabetes
• C. Gestational Diabetes
• D. Prediabetes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Type 2 Diabetes is often associated with a BMI greater than 25 and an increased percentage of body fat, particularly in the abdominal region, contributing to insulin resistance. Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune condition not primarily linked to BMI or body fat percentage. Gestational Diabetes occurs during pregnancy and is not directly related to BMI. Prediabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as Type 2 Diabetes; although it can be associated with higher BMI, it is not as definitive as in Type 2 Diabetes.

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