ATI RN
RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 ATI
1. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. Encourage the child to sleep for 8 hours each night.
- B. Perform range-of-motion exercises once per week.
- C. Give your child NSAIDs on a regular schedule.
- D. Apply heat to the child's affected joints twice daily.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the parent to give the child NSAIDs on a regular schedule to maintain therapeutic levels and control pain.
2. Which factor places a patient at the highest risk for infection?
- A. A healthy immune system
- B. Presence of chronic illness
- C. Being well-nourished
- D. Age over 65 years
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The presence of chronic illness is the factor that places a patient at the highest risk for infection. Chronic illness can compromise the immune system's ability to fight off infections effectively, making individuals more susceptible to getting sick. Option A, a healthy immune system, actually reduces the risk of infection. Option C, being well-nourished, can support overall health but does not directly correlate with infection risk. While age over 65 years is a risk factor for certain infections due to age-related immune system changes, chronic illness has a more significant impact on infection risk.
3. Which condition is characterized by a chronic cough that produces mucus, often caused by long-term exposure to irritants?
- A. Chronic bronchitis
- B. Tuberculosis
- C. Asthma
- D. Sinusitis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Chronic bronchitis is the correct answer. It is characterized by a long-term cough with mucus production, often caused by smoking or prolonged exposure to irritants. Tuberculosis (choice B) is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but does not usually present with a chronic cough as the main symptom. Asthma (choice C) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to wheezing and shortness of breath, but it does not typically cause chronic mucus production. Sinusitis (choice D) is inflammation of the sinuses and presents with symptoms like facial pain, nasal congestion, and post-nasal drip, but not specifically a chronic cough with mucus production.
4. A client at 37 weeks of gestation with severe gestational hypertension is being admitted by a nurse. Which of the following actions should the nurse NOT expect to implement?
- A. Administer magnesium sulfate IV.
- B. Provide a dark, quiet environment.
- C. Assess respiratory status every 4 hours.
- D. Ensure that calcium gluconate is readily available.
Correct answer: C: Assess respiratory status every 4 hours.
Rationale: Assessing respiratory status every 4 hours is not a priority for a client with severe gestational hypertension. In this scenario, the focus should be on monitoring blood pressure, assessing for signs of preeclampsia, administering medications like magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis, and ensuring that calcium gluconate is readily available in case of magnesium toxicity. Respiratory status assessment is important in other conditions but is not directly related to managing severe gestational hypertension.
5. Ms. ANA had a car accident where he lost her boyfriend. As a result, she became passive and submissive. The nurse knows that the type of crisis Ms. ANA is experiencing is:
- A. Developmental crisis
- B. Maturational crisis
- C. Situational crisis
- D. Social Crisis
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
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