Nursing Elites

1. A parent of a school-age child is receiving discharge teaching following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following instructions should be included by the nurse?

• A. Allow the child to bathe 6 hours after the procedure.
• B. Keep the child on bed rest for 12 hours.
• C. Maintain a pressure dressing on the site for 8 hours.
• D. Resume regular activities the day after the procedure.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction that the nurse should include is to keep the child on bed rest for 12 hours following a cardiac catheterization. This is important to prevent bleeding at the insertion site and ensure proper healing. Allowing the child to bathe soon after the procedure, maintaining a pressure dressing for only 8 hours, or resuming regular activities the day after the procedure can increase the risk of complications such as bleeding or infection.

2. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a school-age child with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• A. You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day
• B. Your child should decrease dietary fats to less than 10% of their caloric intake
• C. Your child will need to take a 1-gram sodium chloride tablet daily throughout their lifetime
• D. You should calculate your child's carbohydrate needs based on their daily activities

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The parent should provide a well-balanced diet that is high in protein and calories for a child with cystic fibrosis. This diet helps meet the child's increased energy requirements. Offering high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day is essential to ensure adequate nutrition and energy intake for children with cystic fibrosis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because children with cystic fibrosis actually need a higher fat intake for proper absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, sodium chloride supplementation is not a general recommendation for all children with cystic fibrosis, and carbohydrate needs are usually based on maintaining adequate weight and growth rather than daily activities.

3. Which stage of motor learning is illustrated as the toddler attempts to place a shape into a container multiple times using an effective reach and grasp pattern often but makes errors?

• A. Skill Acquisition
• B. Perceptual Learning
• C. Functional Performance
• D. Exploratory Activity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Perceptual Learning. In this stage, the toddler learns from sensory input and refines their movements over time, even though errors may still occur. This process involves improving coordination and fine-tuning motor skills based on feedback from repeated attempts.

4. When receiving change-of-shift report for children, which child should the nurse assess first?

• A. A toddler who has a concussion and an episode of forceful vomiting
• B. An adolescent with infective endocarditis who reports having a headache
• C. An adolescent who was placed into Halo traction 1 hour ago and rates his pain at a 6 on a 0-10 scale
• D. A school-age child with acute glomerulonephritis and brown-colored urine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The nurse should assess the toddler with a concussion and an episode of forceful vomiting first when receiving change-of-shift report for children. Forceful vomiting in a toddler with a concussion indicates increased intracranial pressure, requiring immediate assessment and intervention to prevent further complications.

5. A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of an infant about home safety. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will place my baby on her stomach to sleep
• B. I will put a small pillow in my baby's crib
• C. I will keep my baby's crib away from the radiator
• D. I will use a drop-side crib for my baby

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should instruct the guardian to keep the baby’s crib away from the radiator to prevent burns.

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