ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology
1. A client prescribed Warfarin is receiving discharge instructions from a nurse. Which of the following herbal supplements should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. St. John's wort
- B. Echinacea
- C. Garlic
- D. Ginseng
Correct answer: A
Rationale: St. John's wort can reduce the effectiveness of Warfarin by interacting with its metabolism pathways, potentially leading to decreased anticoagulant effects. Therefore, clients on Warfarin therapy should avoid St. John's wort. While echinacea, garlic, and ginseng are also herbal supplements that can interact with Warfarin, St. John's wort is particularly known for its significant impact on Warfarin metabolism. Echinacea may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with Warfarin, garlic may potentiate the anticoagulant effects of Warfarin, and ginseng may also increase the risk of bleeding. However, St. John's wort is the most crucial to avoid due to its significant impact on Warfarin metabolism.
2. Knowing the different modes of communication used by men and women is important for the nurse manager. Which of the following is a difference in communication in unpleasant situations?
- A. Men tend to talk more, and women withdraw.
- B. Men tend to use tag questions.
- C. Women disagree more.
- D. Women talk longer and faster, men disclose more.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In unpleasant situations, men tend to talk more, while women tend to withdraw. Women are more likely to use tag questions and disclose more. Men, on the other hand, tend to talk longer and may be more inclined to disagree. Therefore, option A is the most accurate choice that highlights a difference in communication styles between men and women in unpleasant situations.
3. When discussing the main differences between narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, what should the nurse highlight?
- A. Symptoms of the two diagnoses are essentially the same, making it challenging to differentiate between them
- B. Naps are contraindicated for clients with narcolepsy due to their association with cataplexy
- C. People with narcolepsy awaken from a nap feeling rested and replenished
- D. People with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome may experience temporary paralysis during sleep
Correct answer: C: People with narcolepsy awaken from a nap feeling rested and replenished
Rationale: Narcolepsy is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden attacks of sleep, while individuals with narcolepsy often feel refreshed after a brief nap. In contrast, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is marked by pauses in breathing or shallow breathing during sleep, leading to fragmented sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. Therefore, the correct answer is that individuals with narcolepsy awaken from a nap feeling rested and replenished, which is a key distinguishing feature from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
4. Finding meaning in life and dealing with death form core values in which of the following perspectives?
- A. Existential
- B. Humanistic
- C. Behavioral
- D. Object Relations
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Existential. Existentialism is a philosophical perspective that emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice. It focuses on finding meaning in life and dealing with fundamental issues such as death. This perspective is characterized by concepts like authenticity, responsibility, and the search for purpose. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they may address certain aspects of human behavior or relationships, they do not specifically emphasize the search for meaning and the confrontation with death as core values.
5. A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving hemodialysis. Which action should the nurse include in the care plan?
- A. Withhold all medications until after dialysis.
- B. Rehydrate with dextrose 5% in water for orthostatic hypotension.
- C. Check the vascular access site for bleeding after dialysis.
- D. Give an antibiotic 30 minutes before dialysis.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should include in the care plan for a client receiving hemodialysis is to check the vascular access site for bleeding after dialysis. This is crucial as it helps in detecting and addressing any bleeding complications that may arise from the dialysis procedure. Choice A is incorrect because medications should not be withheld unless specified by the healthcare provider. Choice B is incorrect as dextrose 5% in water is not typically used for orthostatic hypotension. Choice D is incorrect as giving an antibiotic before dialysis is not a routine practice unless specifically prescribed for a particular reason.
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