Nursing Elites

1. A healthcare provider is providing dietary teaching for a client who has a burn injury and adheres to a vegan diet. The healthcare provider should recommend which of the following foods as the best source of protein to promote wound healing?

• A. One cup of brown rice
• B. One cup of pureed avocado
• C. One cup of lentils
• D. One cup of orange juice

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lentils are an excellent source of protein, suitable for a vegan diet, and promote wound healing. Brown rice (Choice A) is a carbohydrate-rich food and lacks sufficient protein for wound healing. Pureed avocado (Choice B) is a healthy fat source but low in protein. Orange juice (Choice D) is a source of vitamin C but lacks protein needed for wound healing.

2. A nurse is observing a nursing student practicing standard precautions. Which observation by the instructor indicates that further teaching is necessary?

• A. The nursing student wears gloves when changing bed linens.
• B. The nursing student wears gloves to remove a wound dressing.
• C. The nursing student washes hands after removing gloves.
• D. The nursing student touches the patient's skin with sterile gloves.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because touching a patient's skin with sterile gloves compromises the sterility of the gloves, increasing the risk of contamination. Choices A, B, and C demonstrate correct practices in standard precautions. Wearing gloves when changing bed linens and to remove a wound dressing, as well as washing hands after removing gloves, are all appropriate and necessary steps to prevent the spread of infection.

3. A patient with a urinary catheter reports discomfort. What is the nurse's priority action?

• A. Ensure the catheter tubing is not kinked.
• B. Irrigate the catheter to relieve the discomfort.
• C. Change the catheter to a smaller size.
• D. Remove the catheter and replace it with a new one.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to ensure the catheter tubing is not kinked. This is the priority action because a kinked tubing can obstruct urine flow, leading to discomfort and potential complications. It is essential to troubleshoot the current catheter first before considering other interventions. Irrigating the catheter (Choice B) may not address the underlying issue of kinking. Changing the catheter to a smaller size (Choice C) or removing and replacing it with a new one (Choice D) should only be considered if ensuring the tubing is unkinked does not resolve the discomfort.

4. A community health nurse is reviewing primary prevention strategies for West Nile virus with a group of clients in a rural health clinic. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Avoid exposure to deer ticks.
• B. Eliminate areas of standing water.
• C. Use a respiratory mask when cleaning bird coops.
• D. Plan outdoor activities after dusk.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Eliminate areas of standing water.' This is an essential primary prevention strategy for West Nile virus as it helps prevent the breeding of mosquitoes that spread the virus. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding exposure to deer ticks is more relevant for Lyme disease, using a respiratory mask when cleaning bird coops is not a primary prevention strategy for West Nile virus, and planning outdoor activities after dusk does not directly address the prevention of West Nile virus transmission.

5. What is the most important action for the nurse to take before administering digoxin to a patient?

• A. Check the patient's heart rate before administration.
• B. Assess the patient's blood pressure before administration.
• C. Ensure the patient has eaten before administration.
• D. Monitor the patient's weight before administration.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to check the patient's heart rate before administering digoxin. Digoxin is a medication that primarily affects cardiac function. Monitoring the heart rate is crucial because digoxin can cause arrhythmias or worsen existing heart rhythm abnormalities. Assessing blood pressure may also be important but is secondary to evaluating the heart rate when administering digoxin. Ensuring the patient has eaten before administration is not directly related to the safe administration of digoxin. Monitoring the patient's weight is not a priority action before administering digoxin.

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