ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019
1. A client is to receive Tetracaine prior to a Bronchoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Keep the client NPO until the pharyngeal response returns.
- B. Monitor the insertion site for a hematoma.
- C. Palpate the bladder to detect urinary retention.
- D. Maintain the client on bed rest for 12 hours following the procedure.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should include in the plan of care is to keep the client NPO until the pharyngeal response returns. This is important to prevent aspiration until the client's normal pharyngeal sensation is restored, typically within about 1 hour after the procedure. Monitoring the insertion site for a hematoma, palpating the bladder, and maintaining the client on bed rest are not directly related to the administration of Tetracaine prior to a Bronchoscopy. Therefore, these actions are not necessary in the immediate post-procedure care of a client receiving Tetracaine for a Bronchoscopy.
2. When teaching a client with a new prescription for Simvastatin, which instruction should be included?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. Take this medication in the morning.
- D. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for Simvastatin is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of Simvastatin, leading to increased blood levels of the drug and a higher risk of adverse effects such as muscle pain and liver damage. It is important to educate the client about this potential interaction to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because taking Simvastatin with food or in the morning and increasing potassium-rich foods intake are not specifically related to the safe use of Simvastatin. Avoiding grapefruit juice is crucial to prevent drug interactions.
3. After a thoracentesis, a healthcare provider assesses a client. Which assessment finding warrants immediate action?
- A. The client rates pain as 5/10 at the site of the procedure.
- B. A small amount of drainage is noted from the site.
- C. Pulse oximetry reads 93% on 2 liters of oxygen.
- D. The trachea is deviated toward the opposite side of the neck.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A deviated trachea indicates a tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening emergency. This condition can rapidly lead to respiratory failure and requires immediate intervention. The other assessment findings, such as pain level, mild drainage, and slightly decreased oxygen saturation, are within an expected range after a thoracentesis and do not indicate an immediate threat to the client's life.
4. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer Butorphanol to a client who has a history of substance use disorder. The healthcare professional should identify which of the following information as true regarding Butorphanol?
- A. Butorphanol has a lower risk of abuse than morphine.
- B. Butorphanol causes a lower incidence of respiratory depression than morphine.
- C. Butorphanol can be reversed with an opioid antagonist.
- D. Butorphanol can cause abstinence syndrome in opioid-dependent clients.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Butorphanol is an opioid agonist/antagonist that can precipitate withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent individuals. Symptoms of abstinence syndrome can include abdominal pain, fever, and anxiety. This occurs because butorphanol competes with and displaces opioid agonists from receptors, leading to withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent clients. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Butorphanol does not have a lower risk of abuse than morphine, it can cause respiratory depression similar to other opioids, and although it is an opioid antagonist, it does not get reversed by opioid antagonists.
5. Are M6 practical nurses utilized in field units with patient holding capabilities?
- A. Yes
- B. No
- C. -
- D. -
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Yes, M6 practical nurses are utilized in field units with patient holding capabilities. These nurses play a crucial role in providing care and support in various healthcare settings. Given this context, the correct answer is 'Yes.' Choice B, 'No,' is incorrect because M6 practical nurses can indeed work in field units with patient holding capabilities, as stated in the extract. Choices C and D are not applicable in this question.
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