ATI RN
ATI RN Exit Exam Test Bank
1. A nurse is planning care for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Encourage the client to breathe deeply and cough every 4 hours.
- B. Provide a diet that is high in carbohydrates and low in protein.
- C. Teach the client pursed-lip breathing technique.
- D. Restrict the client's fluid intake to 1,500 mL per day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teach the client pursed-lip breathing technique. Pursed-lip breathing helps clients with COPD improve oxygenation and reduce shortness of breath. Choice A is incorrect because deep breathing and coughing are not recommended every 4 hours for clients with COPD. Choice B is incorrect because a diet high in carbohydrates and low in protein is not specifically indicated for COPD. Choice D is incorrect because fluid restriction is not a standard intervention for COPD unless the client has comorbid conditions that necessitate it.
2. During which stage of life is it most critical to build bone mass to prevent osteoporosis?
- A. Infancy
- B. Early childhood
- C. Adolescence
- D. Young adulthood
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Adolescence is the most critical stage for building bone mass, which plays a significant role in preventing osteoporosis in later life. During adolescence, approximately 45% of adult bone mass is formed. Although bone mass can be built during infancy, early childhood, and young adulthood, it is not as significant as during adolescence, making choices A, B, and D incorrect. Therefore, focusing on adequate nutrition and physical activity during adolescence is vital for long-term bone health.
3. Which of the following correctly identifies the plasma protein inflammatory mediator systems?
- A. Phagocytic, interferon, and complement systems.
- B. Complement, fibrinolytic, and clotting systems.
- C. Complement, clotting, and kinin systems.
- D. Complement, clotting, and acute phase reactant systems.
Correct answer: Complement, clotting, and kinin systems.
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Complement, clotting, and kinin systems. These are the three main plasma protein inflammatory mediator systems. The complement system helps in inflammation and immune responses, the clotting system is involved in blood coagulation, and the kinin system regulates inflammation and blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect because interferon is not part of the plasma protein inflammatory mediator systems. Choice B is incorrect because the fibrinolytic system is not a primary inflammatory mediator system. Choice D is incorrect because acute phase reactants are not part of the plasma protein inflammatory mediator systems.
4. Which of the following statements is true regarding nursing ethics?
- A. Nursing ethics focus on the organizational level at the workplace.
- B. Nursing ethics focus on the duties and rules of behavior for professional nurses.
- C. Nursing ethics focus on the moral character of nurses.
- D. Nursing ethics focus on the experiences and needs of nurses.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Nursing ethics not only focus on the experiences and needs of nurses, but also on the nurses� perceptions of these experiences.
5. A client is caring for a postoperative client on the surgical unit. The client's blood pressure was 142/76 mm Hg 30 minutes ago and is now 88/50 mm Hg. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Call the Rapid Response Team.
- B. Document and continue to monitor.
- C. Notify the primary care provider.
- D. Repeat blood pressure measurement in 15 minutes.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the significant drop in blood pressure indicates a potential emergency situation. The correct action is to call the Rapid Response Team (RRT) to ensure prompt intervention and prevent further deterioration that could lead to respiratory or cardiac arrest. It is crucial to act swiftly in response to such a critical change in vital signs to provide the client with the necessary care and support.
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