ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition and eating foods high in iron. The nurse should include that which of the following aids in the absorption of iron?
- A. Fiber
- B. Vitamin A
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Oxalates
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin C aids in the absorption of iron by enhancing the body's ability to absorb non-heme iron, which is found in plant-based foods. This vitamin helps convert iron into a form that is more easily absorbed in the intestines. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because fiber, Vitamin A, and oxalates can actually inhibit the absorption of iron. Fiber can bind to iron and reduce its absorption, Vitamin A does not directly enhance iron absorption, and oxalates found in some foods like spinach and rhubarb can also hinder iron absorption.
2. A client with osteoporosis is being taught about dietary choices by a nurse. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
- A. Carrots
- B. Milk
- C. Leafy green vegetables
- D. Bananas
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leafy green vegetables. Leafy green vegetables are rich in calcium, which is essential for bone health and can help prevent bone loss in clients with osteoporosis. Carrots (choice A), while nutritious, are not as high in calcium as leafy green vegetables. Milk (choice B) is also a good source of calcium but may not be suitable for clients who are lactose intolerant. Bananas (choice D) are a healthy fruit choice but do not provide significant amounts of calcium needed for osteoporosis.
3. An inadequate diet during pregnancy can __________.
- A. lead to higher birth weight and greater brain weight
- B. reduce the risk of pregnancy-induced maternal diabetes
- C. distort the structure of the liver, kidney, and pancreas
- D. lead to fewer physical discomforts in the final weeks Answer: C Page Ref: 88 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: An inadequate diet during pregnancy can lead to the distortion of the structure of the liver, kidney, and pancreas in the developing fetus. Proper nutrition during pregnancy is crucial for the healthy development of these organs and essential for the overall well-being of the baby. A balanced diet supports optimal growth and development, while inadequate nutrition can have detrimental effects on the baby's organs and long-term health.
4. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which dietary recommendation should be included?
- A. Consume food high in bran fiber.
- B. Increase intake of milk products.
- C. Sweeten foods with fructose corn syrup.
- D. Increase foods high in gluten.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Consume food high in bran fiber. Bran fiber helps reduce IBS symptoms by promoting regular bowel movements. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because increasing milk products can exacerbate symptoms in some individuals with IBS, sweetening foods with fructose corn syrup may worsen symptoms due to its high FODMAP content, and increasing foods high in gluten could be problematic for individuals with gluten sensitivities or celiac disease, which are common in some with IBS.
5. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a hemolytic reaction to a blood transfusion?
- A. Hemoglobinuria
- B. Chest pain
- C. Urticaria
- D. Distended neck veins
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hemoglobinuria is a characteristic sign of a hemolytic reaction to a blood transfusion. Hemolytic reactions can lead to the destruction of red blood cells, causing the release of hemoglobin into the urine, which presents as hemoglobinuria. Chest pain, urticaria, and distended neck veins are not specific signs of a hemolytic reaction and may be associated with other conditions or reactions.
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