Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is developing an education program for a community group about dietary intake of vitamins and minerals in the diet. The nurse should include which of the following foods as sources of vitamin C? (Select the food that does not apply.)

• A. Green pepper
• B. Orange
• C. Cabbage
• D. Milk

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is E: Milk. Milk is not a significant source of vitamin C. Choices A, B, C, and D are all good sources of vitamin C. Green pepper, orange, cabbage, and strawberries contain vitamin C and can be included in the diet to meet the body's need for this essential vitamin. Milk, on the other hand, is not known for its vitamin C content, so it does not apply as a source of this particular vitamin.

2. For a patient with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), which dietary advice is most appropriate?

• A. Increase spicy foods
• B. Avoid fatty foods
• C. Increase citrus fruits
• D. Reduce water intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Avoiding fatty foods can help reduce the symptoms of GERD.

3. Overdosage of medication or anesthetic can happen even with the aid of technology like infusion pumps, sphygmomanometer, and similar devices/machines. As a staff member, how can you improve the safety of using infusion pumps?

• A. Check the functionality of the pump before use
• B. Select the brand of infusion pump carefully
• C. Allow the technician to set the infusion pump before use
• D. Verify the flow rate against your calculation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To enhance the safety of using infusion pumps, it is crucial to verify the flow rate against your calculation. This step ensures that the prescribed dosage is being delivered accurately, reducing the risk of medication errors. Checking the functionality of the pump before use (Choice A) is also important to ensure it is working properly. Allowing the technician to set the pump (Choice C) may not always guarantee the correct settings. Selecting the brand of infusion pump carefully (Choice B) is not directly related to the safe use of the pump.

4. A patient who reports stomach ulcers should avoid all the following foods, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Proteins
• B. Caffeine
• C. Calcium
• D. Wheat

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with stomach ulcers are advised to avoid foods that can increase stomach acid levels, such as caffeine, proteins, and calcium. Wheat, on the other hand, is generally well-tolerated by individuals with ulcers as it does not stimulate gastric secretions. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choice A (Proteins), B (Caffeine), and C (Calcium) are not recommended for patients with stomach ulcers due to their potential to exacerbate symptoms.

5. Transmission of HIV from an infected individual to another person occurs:

• A. Most frequently in nurses with needlesticks
• B. Only if there is a large viral load in the blood
• C. Most commonly as a result of sexual contact
• D. In all infants born to women with HIV infection

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

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