ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023
1. A client is prescribed Digoxin. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor as a sign of potential toxicity?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hypocalcemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Bradycardia is a common sign of Digoxin toxicity. Digoxin can lead to toxicity, which can manifest as various signs and symptoms, including bradycardia. Monitoring the client's heart rate closely is crucial to detect and manage potential toxicity early. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hypocalcemia are not typically associated with Digoxin toxicity; therefore, they are incorrect choices.
2. The hypertonicity of the muscles in an infant with cerebral palsy causes scissoring of the legs. The nurse teaches the mother that the preferred way to carry the infant is in a sitting position:
- A. Astride one of her hips
- B. Strapped in an infant seat
- C. Wrapped tightly in a blanket
- D. Under the arm using a football hold
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct way to carry an infant with cerebral palsy experiencing muscle hypertonicity and scissoring of the legs is astride one of the mother's hips. This position helps keep the infant's legs apart, reducing muscle tightness. Strapping the infant in an infant seat, wrapping tightly in a blanket, or using the football hold under the arm does not address the specific needs related to muscle hypertonicity and scissoring of the legs in cerebral palsy.
3. A client is being discharged with a new prescription for Clopidogrel. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid taking aspirin while on this medication.
- B. Take this medication with food.
- C. Avoid eating foods high in potassium.
- D. Take this medication at bedtime.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Clopidogrel is to avoid taking aspirin while on this medication. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that can increase the risk of bleeding. Aspirin and other NSAIDs can potentiate the risk of bleeding, so they should be avoided while taking Clopidogrel to prevent adverse effects. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Clopidogrel does not need to be taken with food, there is no specific dietary restriction related to potassium, and the timing of administration (bedtime) is not a critical instruction for this medication.
4. A client is 4 hours postpartum. Which of the following interventions should be implemented to prevent postpartum hemorrhage?
- A. Monitor for signs of infection.
- B. Massage the uterus every 4 hours.
- C. Apply ice packs to the perineum.
- D. Administer methylergonovine IM.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Administering methylergonovine intramuscularly helps contract the uterus, reducing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Monitoring for signs of infection (Choice A) is important but not directly related to preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Uterine massage (Choice B) is beneficial to prevent uterine atony, but methylergonovine is a more specific intervention to prevent hemorrhage. Applying ice packs to the perineum (Choice C) is helpful for perineal pain and swelling, not for preventing postpartum hemorrhage.
5. Which symptoms are associated with cancer of the colon?
- A. constipation, ascites, and mucus in the stool
- B. diarrhea, heartburn, and eructation
- C. blood in the stools, anemia, and 'pencil-shaped' stools
- D. anorexia, hematemesis, and increased peristalsis
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct symptoms associated with cancer of the colon are blood in the stools, anemia, and 'pencil-shaped' stools. These symptoms are classic indicators of colorectal cancer. Choices A, B, and D do not typically present in colorectal cancer. Constipation, ascites, and mucus in the stool are more commonly associated with other gastrointestinal conditions. Diarrhea, heartburn, and eructation are not typical symptoms of colon cancer. Anorexia, hematemesis, and increased peristalsis are more indicative of other gastrointestinal issues and not specific to colon cancer.
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